Aerosol optical and microphysical properties over the Atlantic Ocean during the 19th cruise of the Research Vessel <i>Akademik Sergey Vavilov</i>

Сакерин, С. М.; Smirnov, A.; Kabanov, Dmitry M.; Полькин, В. В.; Panchenko, Mikhail V.; Holben, B. N.; Kopelevich, O. V.

doi:10.1029/2006jd007947

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…The comparison between the range of variation of the aerosol optical depths retrieved by SeaWiFS over our study area and that measured by AERONET Marine Aerosol Network stations was performed here based on the literature. Sakerin et al [2007] and Macke et al [2008] measured aerosol optical depth at 500 nm of about 0.3–0.7 near the West African coast. Such range of values is consistent with that obtained by SeaWiFS in the present study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative analysis of the influence of dust sea surface forcing on the primary production of the subtropical Atlantic Ocean using a ten‐year time series of satellite observations

2012

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[1] Dust aerosols that are not deposited over oceans are able to significantly reduce the solar energy available at the sea surface. Here, the impact of dust aerosols on the photosynthetically available radiation (PAR) at the sea surface and on the associated oceanic primary production (PP) is quantified over the subtropical Atlantic Ocean based on a ten-year time series of satellite observations. The ten-year average value of the attenuation of both PAR and PP due to dust aerosols is high ($15%). The comparisons with predictions suggested that the decrease of PP might be $35% in the case of intense episodic events (i.e., dust aerosols optical depth > 0.6). Therefore, dust aerosol events could significantly alter the organic carbon budget of the underlying oceanic ecosystems. The analysis of the interannual variations of the relative reduction of primary production (DPP/PP) due to dust aerosols showed that the evolution of DPP/PP does not exhibit any major trend of variation within the entire study area over the decade. However, a significant tendency (0.22% per year) is found near Africa in summer. Thus, dust aerosol events might induce a major decrease of the marine productivity the next centuries. The radiative forcing of dust aerosols on the sea surface needs to be accounted for in coupled atmosphere-ocean models for calculating correctly the primary production. A more extensive analysis of the aerosol radiative budget is also required to better understand the link between the atmospheric and oceanic processes driving the primary production over dust aerosol areas.Citation: Chami, M., M. Mallet, and B. Gentili (2012), Quantitative analysis of the influence of dust sea surface forcing on the primary production of the subtropical Atlantic Ocean using a ten-year time series of satellite observations,

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative analysis of the influence of dust sea surface forcing on the primary production of the subtropical Atlantic Ocean using a ten‐year time series of satellite observations

2012

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“…If the suggested transport pathways from the Atlantic and Indian Ocean are essentially correct, the BC variation at Syowa should be associated with the BC concen-15 tration in the marine boundary layer and the lower free troposphere over the Atlantic and Indian Ocean. Previous ship-borne BC measurements indicated BC concentrations in the range of <10 ng m −3 in January-April over the southern Indian Ocean (<56 • S) (Moorthy et al, 2005), and 20∼80 ng m −3 in October∼December over the Indian Ocean∼Southern Ocean (Sakerin et al, 2007). Ranges of <10∼160 ng m −3 in 20 October∼November and <10∼120 ng m −3 in February∼March were observed over the southern Atlantic Ocean (close to the Southern American continent) -Southern Ocean (Evangelista et al, 2007).…”

Section: Bc Injection Into Syowa Station By Cyclonementioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of black carbon at Syowa station, Antarctica: seasonal variation, transport processes and pathways

Hara

Osada²,

Yabuki³

et al. 2008

Preprint

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Abstract. Measurement of black carbon (BC) was carried out at Syowa station Antarctica (69° S, 39° E) from February 2004 until January 2007. The BC concentration at Syowa ranged from below detection to 176 ng m−3 during the measurements. Higher BC concentrations were observed mostly under strong wind (blizzard) conditions due to the approach of a cyclone and blocking event. The BC-rich air masses traveled from the lower troposphere of the Atlantic and Indian Oceans to Syowa (Antarctic coast). During the summer (November–February), the BC concentration showed a diurnal variation together with surface wind speed and increased in the katabatic wind from the Antarctic continent. Considering the low BC source strength in the Antarctic continent, the higher BC concentration in the continental air (katabatic wind) might be caused by long range transport of BC via the free troposphere from mid- and low- latitudes. The seasonal variation of BC at Syowa had a maximum in August, while at the other coastal stations (Halley, Neumayer, and Ferraz) and the continental station (Amundsen-Scott), the maximum occurred in October. This difference may result from different transport pathways and scavenging of BC by precipitation during the transport from the source regions. During the austral summer, long-range transport of BC via the free troposphere is likely to make an important contribution to the ambient BC concentration. The BC transport flux indicated that BC injection into the Antarctic region strongly depended on the frequency of storm (blizzard) conditions. The seasonal variation of BC transport flux increased by 290 mg m−2 month−1 in winter–spring when blizzards frequently occurred, whereas the flux decreased to lower than 50 mg m−2 month−1 in the summer with infrequent blizzards.

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“…As suggested by Fiebig et al (2009) and Hara et al (2010), EBC is expected to be transported from mid-latitudes and low latitudes. Therefore, EBC mixing states might be changed by aging processes near source regions and during long-range transport (Shiraiwa et al, 2007;Saleh et al, 2013Saleh et al, , 2014Ueda et al, 2018). Indeed, Ueda et al (2018) showed that EBC was present mostly as internal mixtures in the marine boundary layer (MBL) of the Southern Ocean.…”

Section: Variations In Aae At Syowa Station Antarcticamentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal features and origins of carbonaceous aerosols at Syowa Station, coastal Antarctica

et al. 2019

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Abstract. We have measured black carbon (BC) concentrations at Syowa Station, Antarctica, since February 2005. The measured BC concentrations in 2005–2016 were corrected to equivalent BC (EBC) concentrations using Weingartner's method. Seasonal features of EBC concentrations, long-range transport from mid-latitudes to the Antarctic coast, and their origins were characterized. Results show that daily median EBC concentrations were below the detection limit (0.2 ng m−3) to 63.8 ng m−3 at Syowa Station (median, 1.8 ng m−3; mean, 2.7 ng m−3 during the measurement period of February 2005–December 2016). Although seasonal features and year-to-year variations in EBC concentrations were observed, no long-term trend of EBC concentrations was clear during our measurement period. Seasonal features of EBC concentrations showed a spring maximum during September–October at Syowa Station. To elucidate EBC transport processes, origins, and the potential source area (PSA), we compared EBC data to backward trajectory analysis and chemical transport model simulation. From comparison with backward trajectory, high EBC concentrations were found in air masses from the marine boundary layer. This finding implies that transport via the marine boundary layer was the most important transport pathway to EBC concentrations at Antarctic coasts. Some EBC was supplied to the Antarctic region by transport via the upper free troposphere. Chemical transport model simulation demonstrated that the most important origins and PSA of EBC at Syowa Station were biomass burning in South America and southern Africa. Fossil fuel combustion in South America and southern Africa also have important contributions. The absorption Ångström exponent (AAE) showed clear seasonal features with 0.5–1.0 during April–October and maximum (1.0–1.5) in December–February. The AAE features might be associated with organic aerosols and mixing states of EBC.

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Aerosol optical and microphysical properties over the Atlantic Ocean during the 19th cruise of the Research Vessel Akademik Sergey Vavilov

Abstract: [1] This paper presents aerosol optical depths in the total atmospheric column, aerosol size distributions, number concentrations and black carbon mass concentrations at the deck level measured in October

Cited by 20 publications

References 35 publications

Quantitative analysis of the influence of dust sea surface forcing on the primary production of the subtropical Atlantic Ocean using a ten‐year time series of satellite observations

Quantitative analysis of the influence of dust sea surface forcing on the primary production of the subtropical Atlantic Ocean using a ten‐year time series of satellite observations

Measurement of black carbon at Syowa station, Antarctica: seasonal variation, transport processes and pathways

Seasonal features and origins of carbonaceous aerosols at Syowa Station, coastal Antarctica

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