Aerosol‐generating procedures in the <scp>COVID</scp> era

Hamilton, Garun S.

doi:10.1111/resp.14031

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus was declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on January 30 2020 and a pandemic on March 11 2020 by the World Health Organization (WHO) [1]. Numerous studies have since reported that SARS-CoV-2 is primarily transmitted through respiratory particles (such as droplets) falling directly on individuals when an infected person who is unmasked sneezes, coughs, or talks and the infected secretions enter the mucous membranes of another person either through the mouth, nose or eye [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Furthermore, several studies have also reported that airborne transmission of the virus can occur when particles float in the air for a prolonged period of time which is likely to occur during aerosol-generating procedures [2,[6][7][8][9] and a person remains in the environment for at least 15 minutes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational Health and Safety Measures in Healthcare Settings during COVID-19: Strategies for Protecting Staff, Patients and Visitors

Ahmad

Osei

2021

Disaster med. public health prep.

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The COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has profoundly impacted almost every aspect of healthcare systems worldwide, placing the health and safety of frontline healthcare workers at risk and still continues to remain an important public health challenge. Several hospitals have put in place strategies to manage space, staff, and supplies in order to continue to deliver optimum care to patients while at the same time protecting the health and safety of staff and patients. However, the emergence of the second and third waves of the virus with the influx of new cases continue to add an additional level of complexity to the already challenging situation of containing the spread and lowering the rate of transmission and thus pushing healthcare systems to the limit. In this narrative review paper we describe various strategies including administrative controls, environmental controls and use of personal protective equipment implemented by occupational health and safety departments for the protection of healthcare workers, patients and visitors from SARS-CoV-2 virus infection. The protection and safeguard of the health and safety of healthcare workers and patients through the implementation of effective infection control measures, adequate management of possible outbreaks and minimization of risk of nosocomial transmission is an important and effective strategy of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic management in any healthcare facility. High quality patient care hinges on ensuring that the care providers are well protected and supported so they can provide the best quality of care to their patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational Health and Safety Measures in Healthcare Settings during COVID-19: Strategies for Protecting Staff, Patients and Visitors

Ahmad

Osei

2021

Disaster med. public health prep.

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“…32 In severe COVID-19 pneumonia, the choice between HFNC and NIV does not alter the subsequent need for intubation at 48 h. 33 A negative-pressure, well-ventilated room with at least 12 air exchanges per hour would be ideal to remove any infectious aerosols. 34 F I G U R E 1 Potential pathways by which severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can infect the olfactory bulbs and generate inflammation. (A) Paracellular migration; molecules or virions can be transported across the cribriform plate through intercellular gaps between the olfactory ensheathing cells or within empty nerve fascicles.…”

Section: Respiratory and Oxygen Supportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 32 In severe COVID‐19 pneumonia, the choice between HFNC and NIV does not alter the subsequent need for intubation at 48 h. 33 A negative‐pressure, well‐ventilated room with at least 12 air exchanges per hour would be ideal to remove any infectious aerosols. 34 …”

Section: Covid ‐19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Contemporary Concise Review 2021: COVID‐19 and other respiratory infections

Chan

Hui

2022

Respirology

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Summary of key points Bats are likely the primary source of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). Minks are highly susceptible to infection by SARS‐CoV‐2. Transmission from asymptomatic individuals was estimated to account for over 50% of all transmissions of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) cases. SARS‐CoV‐2 is evolving towards more efficient aerosol transmission. Remdesivir, baricitinib, tocilizumab and dexamethasone are frequently used for the treatment of patients with respiratory failure due to COVID‐19. There is a rising incidence of non‐tuberculous Mycobacterium pulmonary disease globally, with a higher prevalence in Asian countries than in the Western world. Protracted bacterial bronchitis is a common cause of chronic productive cough in childhood. Re‐emergence of respiratory syncytial virus may occur after the relaxation of infection control measures and the reopening of borders during COVID‐19 pandemic.

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“…Nowadays, the nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT), also known as the Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), is the diagnostic reference standard for SARS-CoV-2 infection in clinical microbiology laboratories [ 4 ]. However, healthcare workers are at risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection during aerosol-generating procedures, such as nasopharyngeal swabbing, intubation, bronchoscopy, and sputum induction [ 5 ]. Additionally, the RT-PCR is a time-consuming process and required specialized laboratory infrastructures and capacity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance evaluation of antigen detection rapid diagnostic test (Ag-RDT) for COVID-19 diagnosis in a primary healthcare center during the Shanghai COVID-19 quarantine period

Jiang

2022

Virol J

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Background Rapid and accurate detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection is the cornerstone of prompt patient care. However, the reliability of the antigen rapid diagnostic test (Ag-RDT) in the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection remains inconclusive. Methods We conducted a field evaluation of Ag-RDT performance during the Shanghai Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) quarantine and screened 7225 individuals visiting our Emergency Department. 83 asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 (+) individuals were enrolled in the current study. Simultaneously, Ag-RDT was performed to evaluate its testing performance. Results For the Ag-RDT(−) cases, the average cycle threshold (Ct) values of the N gene were 27.26 ± 4.59, which were significantly higher than the Ct value (21.9 ± 4.73) of the Ag-RDT(+) individuals (p < 0.0001). The overall sensitivity of Ag-RDT versus that of RT-PCR was 43.37%. The Ag-RDT(+) individuals regarding the N gene’s Ct value were 16 cases in the < 20 range, 12 in 20–25, 5 in 25–30, and 3 in 30–35. The corresponding sensitivity was 84.21%, 52.17%, 21.74% and 16.67%, respectively. Meanwhile, sampling had a straight specificity of 100% regardless of the Ct value. Conclusions The Ag-RDT were extremely sensitive in asymptomatic COVID-19 individuals with a Ct value < 20.

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Aerosol‐generating procedures in the COVID era

Cited by 16 publications

References 22 publications

Occupational Health and Safety Measures in Healthcare Settings during COVID-19: Strategies for Protecting Staff, Patients and Visitors

Occupational Health and Safety Measures in Healthcare Settings during COVID-19: Strategies for Protecting Staff, Patients and Visitors

Contemporary Concise Review 2021: COVID‐19 and other respiratory infections

Performance evaluation of antigen detection rapid diagnostic test (Ag-RDT) for COVID-19 diagnosis in a primary healthcare center during the Shanghai COVID-19 quarantine period

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