Aerosol Exposure of White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus) to Mycobacterium Bovis

Palmer, Mitchell V.; Waters, W. Ray; Whipple, Diana L.

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-39.4.817

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…17 Moreover, localization of lesions primarily in the lungs and associated lymph nodes has been detected in cattle and white-tailed deer after aerosol exposure to M bovis. 16,18 It is doubtful that aerosol transmission could have played a major role in the study reported here. In the BL-3 building used, air pressure and airflow velocity and direction were monitored continuously to prevent room-to-room transmission of aerosols.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Investigation of the transmission of Mycobacterium bovis from deer to cattle through indirect contact

Palmer¹,

Waters²,

Whipple³

2004

ajvr

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Objective—To investigate the infection of calves with Mycobacterium bovis through oral exposure and transmission of M bovis from experimentally infected white-tailed deer to uninfected cattle through indirect contact. Animals—24 11-month-old, white-tailed deer and 28 6-month-old, crossbred calves. Procedure—In the oral exposure experiment, doses of 4.3 × 106 CFUs (high dose) or 5 × 103 CFUs (low dose) of M bovis were each administered orally to 4 calves; as positive controls, 2 calves received M bovis (1.7 × 105 CFUs) via tonsillar instillation. Calves were euthanatized and examined 133 days after exposure. Deer-to-cattle transmission was assessed in 2 phases (involving 9 uninfected calves and 12 deer each); deer were inoculated with 4 × 105 CFUs (phase I) or 7 × 105 CFUs (phase II) of M Bovis. Calves and deer exchanged pens (phase I; 90 days' duration) or calves received uneaten feed from deer pens (phase II; 140 days' duration) daily. At completion, animals were euthanatized and tissues were collected for bacteriologic culture and histologic examination. Results—In the low- and high-dose groups, 3 of 4 calves and 1 of 4 calves developed tuberculosis, respectively. In phases I and II, 9 of 9 calves and 4 of 9 calves developed tuberculosis, respectively. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results indicated that experimentally infected deer can transmit M bovis to cattle through sharing of feed. In areas where tuberculosis is endemic in free-ranging white-tailed deer, management practices to prevent access of wildlife to feed intended for livestock should be implemented. (Am J Vet Res 2004;65:1483–1489)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Investigation of the transmission of Mycobacterium bovis from deer to cattle through indirect contact

Palmer¹,

Waters²,

Whipple³

2004

ajvr

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“…2 and 3 and Table 1). Cervids have a highly sensitive olfactory system to monitor their environment for predators, prey, food, and/or reproductive cues (18,19), which is also an efficient conduit for airborne pathogens (20,21). The present results demonstrate aerosol transmission of CWD using a dose at least 20 times lower than those in previous oral inoculation studies, yet with infection kinetics equal to or more rapid than oral exposure (2,5,9).…”

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confidence: 44%

Aerosol Transmission of Chronic Wasting Disease in White-Tailed Deer

Denkers

Hayes-Klug

Anderson

et al. 2013

J Virol

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cWhile the facile transmission of chronic wasting disease (CWD) remains incompletely elucidated, studies in rodents suggest that exposure of the respiratory mucosa may be an efficient pathway. The present study was designed to address this question in the native cervid host. Here, we demonstrate aerosol transmission of CWD to deer with a prion dose >20-fold lower than that used in previous oral inoculations. Inhalation of prions may facilitate transmission of CWD and, perhaps, other prion infections.

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“…M. bovis strain 10-7428 was isolated from a dairy cow in Colorado in 2010. Bacterial inoculums were propagated and prepared as previously described (39). Animals were infected by aerosol inoculation with 10 4 CFU M. bovis 95-1315 (n = 8, experiment 1) or M. bovis 10-7428 (n = 8 in experiment 1, n = 8 in experiment 2) or were mock infected (n = 7 in experiment 1).…”

Section: Animals and M Bovis Challengementioning

confidence: 99%

Specific Recognition of Mycobacterial Protein and Peptide Antigens by γδ T Cell Subsets following Infection with VirulentMycobacterium bovis

McGill

Sacco

Baldwin

et al. 2014

The Journal of Immunology

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Promoting effective immunity to Mycobacterium bovis infection is a challenge that is of interest to the fields of human and animal medicine alike. We report that γδ T cells from virulent M. bovis–infected cattle respond specifically and directly to complex, protein, and nonprotein mycobacterial Ags. Importantly, to our knowledge, we demonstrate for the first time that bovine γδ T cells specifically recognize peptide Ags derived from the mycobacterial protein complex ESAT6:CFP10 and that this recognition requires direct contact with APCs and signaling through the T cell Ag receptor but is independent of MHC class I or II. Furthermore, we show that M. bovis infection in cattle induces robust IL-17A protein responses. Interestingly, in contrast to results from mice, bovine CD4 T cells, and not γδ T cells, are the predominant source of this critical proinflammatory mediator. Bovine γδ T cells are divided into subsets based upon their expression of Workshop Cluster 1 (WC1), and we demonstrate that the M. bovis–specific γδ T cell response is composed of a heterogeneous mix of WC1-expressing populations, with the serologically defined WC1.1+ and WC1.2+ subsets responding in vitro to mycobacterial Ags and accumulating in the lesions of M. bovis–infected animals. The results described in this article enhance our understanding of γδ T cell biology and, because virulent M. bovis infection of cattle represents an excellent model of tuberculosis in humans, contribute to our overall understanding of the role of γδ T cells in the mycobacterial-specific immune response.

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Aerosol Exposure of White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus) to Mycobacterium Bovis

Cited by 24 publications

References 17 publications

Investigation of the transmission of Mycobacterium bovis from deer to cattle through indirect contact

Investigation of the transmission of Mycobacterium bovis from deer to cattle through indirect contact

Aerosol Transmission of Chronic Wasting Disease in White-Tailed Deer

Specific Recognition of Mycobacterial Protein and Peptide Antigens by γδ T Cell Subsets following Infection with VirulentMycobacterium bovis

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