Aerosol emissions from a marine diesel engine running on different fuels and effects of exhaust gas cleaning measures

Jeong, Seongho; Bendl, J; Saraji-Bozorgzad, Mohammad R.; Käfer, Uwe; Etzien, Uwe; Schade, Julian; Bauer, Martin; Jakobi, Gert; Orasche, Jürgen; Fisch, Kathrin; Cwierz, Paul P.; Rüger, Christopher P.; Czech, Hendryk; Karg, Erwin; Heyen, Gesa; Krausnick, Max; Biesalski, Markus; Geipel, Christian; Streibel, Thorsten; Schnelle-Kreis, Jürgen; Sklorz, Martin; Schulz–Bull, Detlef E.; Buchholz, Bert; Adam, Thomas; Zimmermann, Ralf

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120526

Cited by 15 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The petroporphyrins data set, used in the previous section for extraction of KMD series and improved molecular attribution, was used to plot the DBE vs #C map of extracted metal–organic constituents presented in Figure . For this figure, the data from two samples were selected to be compared: a feed bunker ship fuel (heavy fuel oil, fuel sulfur content > 0.5 wt %) and its primary combustion aerosol gathered at the engine exhaust of a research ship diesel engine . The FC color coding in Figure shows that most porphyrins were solely detected in the feed fuel (purple dots) or detected with lower intensity (red dots) in the corresponding aerosol emission, suggesting an overall total consumption through combustion.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PyC2MC: An Open-Source Software Solution for Visualization and Treatment of High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Data

Sueur

Maillard

Lacroix-Andrivet

et al. 2023

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Complex molecular mixtures are encountered in almost all research disciplines, such as biomedical 'omics, petroleomics, and environmental sciences. State-of-the-art characterization of sample materials related to these fields, deploying high-end instrumentation, allows for gathering large quantities of molecular composition data. One established technological platform is ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry, e.g., Fouriertransform mass spectrometry (FT-MS). However, the huge amounts of data acquired in FT-MS often result in tedious data treatment and visualization. FT-MS analysis of complex matrices can easily lead to single mass spectra with more than 10,000 attributed unique molecular formulas. Sophisticated software solutions to conduct these treatment and visualization attempts from commercial and noncommercial origins exist. However, existing applications have distinct drawbacks, such as focusing on only one type of graphic representation, being unable to handle large data sets, or not being publicly available. In this respect, we developed a software, within the international complex matrices molecular characterization joint lab (IC2MC), named "python tools for complex matrices molecular characterization" (PyC2MC). This piece of software will be open-source and free to use. PyC2MC is written under python 3.9.7 and relies on well-known libraries such as pandas, NumPy, or SciPy. It is provided with a graphical user interface developed under PyQt5. The two options for execution, (1) a user-friendly route with a prepacked executable file or (2) running the main python script through a Python interpreter, ensure a high applicability but also an open characteristic for further development by the community. Both are available on the GitHub platform (https://github.com/iC2MC/PyC2MC_viewer).

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PyC2MC: An Open-Source Software Solution for Visualization and Treatment of High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Data

Sueur

Maillard

Lacroix-Andrivet

et al. 2023

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…From 1 L min −1 aerosol transported to the SPMS system, 0.1 L min −1 was guided into the instrument. Further details of the sampling setup were given by Jeong et al 7…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While nearly all air pollutants in Europe and the U.S. have decreased within the last few decades, ship emissions have changed less and currently contribute substantially to the total emissions of PM 2.5. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Regulations target the fuel sulfur content by a global 0.5% sulfur cap since 2020 and a maximum of 0.1% S in sulfur emission control areas (SECAs), e.g. along the U.S. coast, the entire North Sea and Baltic Sea as well as in many harbors and coastal regions worldwide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of ship emissions from distillate fuel operation via single-particle profiling of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Anders,

Schade,

Rosewig

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci.: Atmos.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Details on the setup and sampling conditions can be found elsewhere. 26 The investigated ship fuels include two IMO noncompliant high-sulfur (HS) heavy fuel oils (commercial marine HS-HFO (2.16% m/m S), noncommercial HS-HFO SYN (1.02% m/m S)), as well as three IMO compliant marine fuels: commercial marine gas oil (MGO a diesel-like fuel), a low-sulfur HFO (LS-HFO, 0.5% m/m S), and a noncommercial aromatic-rich ultralow-sulfur heavy fuel oil (ULS-HFO AR , 0.05% m/m S). HS-HFO SYN is a mixture (30:70) of two low-and high-boiling fractions of the crude oil refining process.…”

Section: Particulate Matter Sampling and Hulis Isolationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humic-like Substances (HULIS) in Ship Engine Emissions: Molecular Composition Effected by Fuel Type, Engine Mode, and Wet Scrubber Usage

Schneider,

Czech,

Hansen

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Humic-like substances (HULIS), known for their substantial impact on the atmosphere, are identified in marine diesel engine emissions obtained from five different fuels at two engine loads simulating real world scenarios as well as the application of wet sulfur scrubbers. The HULIS chemical composition is characterized by electrospray ionization (ESI) ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry and shown to contain partially oxidized alkylated polycyclic aromatic compounds as well as partially oxidized aliphatic compounds, both including abundant nitrogen- and sulfur-containing species, and clearly different to HULIS emitted from biomass burning. Fuel properties such as sulfur content and aromaticity as well as the fuel combustion efficiency and engine mode are reflected in the observed HULIS composition. When the marine diesel engine is operated below the optimum engine settings, e.g., during maneuvering in harbors, HULIS-C emission factors are increased (262–893 mg kg–1), and a higher number of HULIS with a shift toward lower degree of oxidation and higher aromaticity is detected. Additionally, more aromatic and aliphatic CHOS compounds in HULIS were detected, especially for high-sulfur fuel combustion. The application of wet sulfur scrubbers decreased the HULIS-C emission factors by 4–49% but also led to the formation of new HULIS compounds. Overall, our results suggest the consideration of marine diesel engines as a relevant regional source of HULIS emissions.

show abstract

Aerosol emissions from a marine diesel engine running on different fuels and effects of exhaust gas cleaning measures

Cited by 15 publications

References 28 publications

PyC2MC: An Open-Source Software Solution for Visualization and Treatment of High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Data

PyC2MC: An Open-Source Software Solution for Visualization and Treatment of High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Data

Detection of ship emissions from distillate fuel operation via single-particle profiling of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Humic-like Substances (HULIS) in Ship Engine Emissions: Molecular Composition Effected by Fuel Type, Engine Mode, and Wet Scrubber Usage

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About