Aerosol effects on the lifetime of shallow cumulus

Jiang, Hongli; Han, Xue; Teller, A.; Feingold, Graham; Levin, Zev

doi:10.1029/2006gl026024

Cited by 195 publications

(202 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The importance of such effects and the associated changes in cloud dynamics has been discussed by several authors (e.g. Jiang et al, 2006;Xue and Feingold, 2006). Recently, it has been suggested that for clouds with liquid water path less than about 50 g m −2 , the evaporation/condensation effect is of greater importance in controlling liquid water path than the precipitation suppression effect (Lee and Penner, 2011).…”

Section: Aerosol-cloud Interactions In Online Models With Prognostic mentioning

confidence: 99%

Online coupled regional meteorology chemistry models in Europe: current status and prospects

et al. 2014

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Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. A. Baklanov et al.: Online coupled regional meteorology chemistry models in EuropeAbstract. Online coupled mesoscale meteorology atmospheric chemistry models have undergone a rapid evolution in recent years. Although mainly developed by the air quality modelling community, these models are also of interest for numerical weather prediction and regional climate modelling as they can consider not only the effects of meteorology on air quality, but also the potentially important effects of atmospheric composition on weather. Two ways of online coupling can be distinguished: online integrated and online access coupling. Online integrated models simulate meteorology and chemistry over the same grid in one model using one main time step for integration. Online access models use independent meteorology and chemistry modules that might even have different grids, but exchange meteorology and chemistry data on a regular and frequent basis. This article offers a comprehensive review of the current research status of online coupled meteorology and atmospheric chemistry modelling within Europe. Eighteen regional online coupled models developed or being used in Europe are described and compared. Topics discussed include a survey of processes relevant to the interactions between atmospheric physics, dynamics and composition; a brief overview of existing online mesoscale models and European model developments; an analysis on how feedback processes are treated in these models; numerical issues associated with coupled models; and several case studies and model performance evaluation methods. Finally, this article highlights selected scientific issues and emerging challenges that require proper consideration to improve the reliability and usability of these models for the three scientific communities: air quality, numerical meteorology modelling (including weather prediction) and climate modelling. This review will be of particular interest to model developers and users in all three fields as it presents a synthesis of scientific progress and provides recommendations for future research directions and priorities in the development, application and evaluation of online coupled models.

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Section: Aerosol-cloud Interactions In Online Models With Prognostic mentioning

confidence: 99%

Online coupled regional meteorology chemistry models in Europe: current status and prospects

et al. 2014

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“…An increase in CCN has also been suggested to enhance cloud lifetimes and liquid water path by lowering the collision-coalescence rate (Albrecht, 1989). This can, however, to some extent be offset by the moistening due to the suppression of precipitation (leading to increasing liquid water content and subsequent rain formation) and increased entrainment of environmental air (Ackerman et al, 2004;Xue and Feingold, 2006;Jiang et al, 2006;Altaratz et al, 2008). The effect of increased entrainment with increasing CCN is at present not taken into account in limited-resolution global models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-moment bulk stratiform cloud microphysics in the GFDL AM3 GCM: description, evaluation, and sensitivity tests

et al. 2010

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Abstract.A new stratiform cloud scheme including a twomoment bulk microphysics module, a cloud cover parameterization allowing ice supersaturation, and an ice nucleation parameterization has been implemented into the recently developed GFDL AM3 general circulation model (GCM) as part of an effort to treat aerosol-cloud-radiation interactions more realistically. Unlike the original scheme, the new scheme facilitates the study of cloud-ice-aerosol interactions via influences of dust and sulfate on ice nucleation. While liquid and cloud ice water path associated with stratiform clouds are similar for the new and the original scheme, column integrated droplet numbers and global frequency distributions (PDFs) of droplet effective radii differ significantly. This difference is in part due to a difference in the implementation of the Wegener-Bergeron-Findeisen (WBF) mechanism, which leads to a larger contribution from super-cooled droplets in the original scheme. Clouds are more likely to be either completely glaciated or liquid due to the WBF mechanism in the new scheme. Super-saturations over ice simulated with the new scheme are in qualitative agreement with observations, and PDFs of ice numbers and effective radii appear reasonable in the light of observations. Especially, the temperature dependence of ice numbers qualitatively agrees with in-situ observations. The global average long-wave cloud forcing decreases in comparison to the original scheme as expected when super-saturation over ice is allowed. Anthropogenic aerosols lead to a larger decrease in short-wave absorption (SWABS) in the new model setup, but outgoing Correspondence to: M. Salzmann (marc.salzmann@zmaw.de) long-wave radiation (OLR) decreases as well, so that the net effect of including anthropogenic aerosols on the net radiation at the top of the atmosphere (netradTOA = SWABS-OLR) is of similar magnitude for the new and the original scheme.

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“…Although numerous completed studies attempt to understand aerosol effects on liquid phase clouds (e.g. Jiang et al, 2006;Lu and Seinfeld, 2005;Menon et al, 2008), less attention has been given to similar interactions in mixed-phase clouds (e.g. Lohmann and Diehl, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A numerical study of aerosol influence on mixed-phase stratiform clouds through modulation of the liquid phase

et al. 2013

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Numerical simulations were carried out in a high-resolution two-dimensional framework to increase our understanding of aerosol indirect effects in mixed-phase stratiform clouds. Aerosol characteristics explored include insoluble particle type, soluble mass fraction, influence of aerosol-induced freezing point depression and influence of aerosol number concentration. Simulations were analyzed with a focus on the processes related to liquid phase microphysics, and ice formation was limited to droplet freezing. Of the aerosol properties investigated, aerosol insoluble mass type and its associated freezing efficiency was found to be most relevant to cloud lifetime. Secondary effects from aerosol soluble mass fraction and number concentration also alter cloud characteristics and lifetime. These alterations occur via various mechanisms, including changes to the amount of nucleated ice, influence on liquid phase precipitation and ice riming rates, and changes to liquid droplet nucleation and growth rates. Alteration of the aerosol properties in simulations with identical initial and boundary conditions results in large variability in simulated cloud thickness and lifetime, ranging from rapid and complete glaciation of liquid to the production of long-lived, thick stratiform mixed-phase cloud

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Aerosol effects on the lifetime of shallow cumulus

Cited by 195 publications

References 17 publications

Online coupled regional meteorology chemistry models in Europe: current status and prospects

Online coupled regional meteorology chemistry models in Europe: current status and prospects

Two-moment bulk stratiform cloud microphysics in the GFDL AM3 GCM: description, evaluation, and sensitivity tests

A numerical study of aerosol influence on mixed-phase stratiform clouds through modulation of the liquid phase

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