Aerosol chemical mass closure during the EUROTRAC-2 AEROSOL Intercomparison 2000

Maenhaut, Willy; Schwarz, Jaroslav; Cafmeyer, Jan; Chi, Xuguang

doi:10.1016/s0168-583x(01)01048-5

Cited by 42 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…For mass closure, nine aerosol components were considered (Maenhaut et al, 2002): (1) organic matter (OM), which was estimated to be 1.6 OC in urban archives (T rebo n, Teplice, and Prague) and 2.1 OC in the rural archive (Zlat a Koruna) (Turpin and Lim, 2001); (2) EC; (3) sulphate; (4) ammonium;…”

Section: Mass Closurementioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of particulate matter in different types of archives

Mašková

Smolik

Vodička

2015

Atmospheric Environment

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Section: Mass Closurementioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of particulate matter in different types of archives

Mašková

Smolik

Vodička

2015

Atmospheric Environment

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“…Mineral fraction = 1.16 × (1.9 × Al + 2.15 × Si + 2.09 ×Fe + 1.41 × Ca + 1.67 × Mg) (Maenhaut et al, 2002), where the concentrations of Ca and Mg refer only here to their water-insoluble fraction, and the concentration of Si is inferred from that of Al assuming an average ratio Si/Al=2.5, based on previous results from nearby sites (Carrico et al, 2003). The concentrations of alkaline metals could not be determined in the samples of summer 2006 due to high blank levels in one batch of filters.…”

Section: Analysis Of the Mineral Fractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical composition of PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>1</sub> at the high-altitude Himalayan station Nepal Climate Observatory-Pyramid (NCO-P) (5079 m a.s.l.)

et al. 2010

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Abstract. We report chemical composition data for PM 10 and PM 1 from the Nepal Climate Observatory-Pyramid (NCO-P), the world's highest aerosol observatory, located at 5079 m a.s.l. at the foothills of Mt. Everest. Despite its high altitude, the average PM 10 mass apportioned by the chemical analyses is of the order of 6 µg m −3 (i.e., 10 µg/scm), with almost a half of this mass accounted for by organic matter, elemental carbon (EC) and inorganic ions, the rest being mineral dust. Organic matter, in particular, accounted for by 2.0 µg m −3 (i.e., 3.6 µg/scm) on a yearly basis, and it is by far the major PM 10 component beside mineral oxides. Non-negligible concentrations of EC were also observed (0.36 µg/scm), confirming that light-absorbing aerosol produced from combustion sources can be efficiently transported up the altitudes of Himalayan glaciers. The concentrations of carbonaceous and ionic aerosols follow a common time trend with a maximum in the premonsoon season, a minimum during the monsoon and a slow recovery during the postmonsoon and dry seasons, which is the same phenomenology observed for other Nepalese Himalayan sites in previous studies. Such seasonal cycle can be explained by the seasonal variations of dry and moist convection and of wet scavenging processes characterizing the climate of north Indian subcontinent. We document the effect of orographic transport of carbonaceous and sulphate particles upslope the Himalayas, showing that the valley breeze circulation, whichCorrespondence to: S. Decesari (s.decesari@isac.cnr.it) is almost permanently active during the out-of-monsoon season, greatly impacts the chemical composition of PM 10 and PM 1 in the high Himalayas and provides an efficient mechanism for bringing anthropogenic aerosols into the Asian upper troposphere (>5000 m a.s.l.). The concentrations of mineral dust are impacted to a smaller extent by valley breezes and follow a unique seasonal cycle which suggest multiple source areas in central and south-west Asia. Our findings, based on two years of observations of the aerosol chemical composition, provide clear evidence that the southern side of the high Himalayas is impacted by transport of anthropogenic aerosols which constitute the Asian brown cloud.

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“…Sea salt Fig. 3 (a (Maenhaut et al 2002) is another possible PM10 component that was here neglected because in Milan its average contribution was 1-2% at most. Therefore, if we consider about 15-20% of contribution coming from H 2 O and carbonates, our mass closure approaches to 100% within the evaluated uncertainties.…”

Section: Meteorological Conditions and Mass Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

4-hours resolution data to study PM10 in a “hot spot” area in Europe

Vecchi

Bernardoni

Fermo

et al. 2008

Environ Monit Assess

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Nowadays, high-time resolved aerosol studies are mandatory to better understand atmospheric processes, such as formation, removal, transport, deposition or chemical reactions. This work focuses on PM10 physical and chemical characterisation with high-time resolution: elements (from Na to Pb), ions and OC/EC fractions concentration were determined during two weeks Further measurements aimed at hourly elemental characterisation of fine and coarse fractions and at the determination of particles number concentration in the 0.25-32 μm size range in 31 bins. The chemical mass closure was carried out in both seasons, enhancing intra-day differences in PM10 composition. In Milan, the highest contribution came from organic matter (34% and 33% in summer and winter, respectively); other important contributors were secondary inorganic compounds (16% and 24% in summer and winter, respectively) and, in summer, crustal matter (14%). Temporal trends showed strong variations in PM10 composition during contiguous time-slots and diurnal variations in different components contribution were identified. Moreover, peculiar phenomena, which would have hardly been detected with 24-hours samplings, were evidenced. Particles removal due to precipitations, aerosol local production and long range transport were studied in detail.

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Aerosol chemical mass closure during the EUROTRAC-2 AEROSOL Intercomparison 2000

Cited by 42 publications

References 6 publications

Characterisation of particulate matter in different types of archives

Characterisation of particulate matter in different types of archives

Chemical composition of PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>1</sub> at the high-altitude Himalayan station Nepal Climate Observatory-Pyramid (NCO-P) (5079 m a.s.l.)

4-hours resolution data to study PM10 in a “hot spot” area in Europe

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Aerosol chemical mass closure during the EUROTRAC-2 AEROSOL Intercomparison 2000

Cited by 42 publications

References 6 publications

Characterisation of particulate matter in different types of archives

Characterisation of particulate matter in different types of archives

Chemical composition of PM&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt; and PM&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; at the high-altitude Himalayan station Nepal Climate Observatory-Pyramid (NCO-P) (5079 m a.s.l.)

4-hours resolution data to study PM10 in a “hot spot” area in Europe

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Chemical composition of PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>1</sub> at the high-altitude Himalayan station Nepal Climate Observatory-Pyramid (NCO-P) (5079 m a.s.l.)