Aerodynamics and aerosol particle deaggregation phenomena in model oral-pharyngeal cavities

Li, Wen-I; Perzl, Michael; Heyder, J.; Langer, Robert; Brain, Joseph D.; Englmeier, Karl-Hans; Niven, Ralph W.; Edwards, David A.

doi:10.1016/0021-8502(96)00046-8

Cited by 83 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…A higher mesh resolution may marginally increase the smoothness of the wall shear stress distribution. Even on structured meshes, the shear stress distribution is expected to have rapid changes all along the surface [36]. …”

Section: Inhalation Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of applications in the literature concentrate around the topic of particle transport in upper and lower human airways. Studies on this topic include application to spray dynamics and smoke particles [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46]. In these studies, in addition to a fluid dynamics algorithm, an efficient way of tracking the particles is essential.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Steady flow through a realistic human upper airway geometry

Nithiarasu

Hassan

Morgan

et al. 2008

Numerical Methods in Fluids

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SUMMARYAir flow through a human upper airway (central part) has been carried out using a realistic geometry. In addition to explaining the anatomy, problems and importance of patient-specific study of human upper airways, this article also presents some qualitative and quantitative simulation results. As expected, the shear and pressure forces are large in the oropharynx and laryngopharynx, where the flow passage is narrow. This clearly indicates that these locations should be the focus of any study aimed at understanding the human upper airway collapse in a patient-specific manner.

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Section: Inhalation Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steady flow through a realistic human upper airway geometry

Nithiarasu

Hassan

Morgan

et al. 2008

Numerical Methods in Fluids

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“…CFD has been used to investigate particle deposition in the extrathoracic region for large diameter inlets-e.g., DeHaan (2002), Matida et al (2003), Stapleton et al (2000) in the oropharynx, Sarangapani and Wexler (2000) using the nasal tract, Yu et al (1998) for particle diffusion in human upper respiratory system, and Li et al (1996) for deaggreagation of particles. In the present work, particle deposition in the mouth for different small diameter inlets is simulated using the RANS equations along with the EIM proposed by Gosman and Ioannides (1981) having near-wall corrections based on Matida et al (2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of Particle Deposition in an Idealized Mouth with Different Small Diameter Inlets

Matida

DeHaan

Finlay

et al. 2003

Aerosol Science and Technology

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“…The aerodynamic effects of the pathophysiology of OSAS were studied. Similar studies on the airway were carried out by Luo [80] and Li [77,78]. A study was conducted to examine the effects of surgery on the airflow characteristics in the HUA, by Mihaescu et.…”

Section: Cfd Modelsmentioning

confidence: 79%

The biomechanics of the human tongue

Kajee

Pelteret

Reddy

2013

Numer Methods Biomed Eng

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AcknowledgementsI would like express my gratitude to the following people for their assistance, leading to the successful completion of this work:The invaluable guidance provided by Prof. B. D. Reddy was integral to completing this project.It was an honour and a privilege to have worked with someone with such vast experience, knowledge and wisdom. Throughout my time at Cerecam, he has shown great patience and understanding.Dr. Andrew T. McBride assisted in times of difficulty, even during the most demanding times of his own PhD studies. His generosity, kindness, and outstanding work ethics have been an inspiration.Jean-Paul Pelteret is the person I worked with the most during this project. Without his invaluable assistance, this project could be likened to a Sisyphean task.It was an honour to have worked amongst such an esteemed group of academics at Cerecam. Many lunch hours and tea-breaks discussing everyday issues in a friendly atmosphere has proven fruitful. The geometry of the tongue, and each muscle group of the tongue, are visually identified, and its geometry captured using Mimics [100]. Various image processing tools available in Mimics, such as image segmentation, region-growing and volume generation were used to form the three-dimensional model of the tongue geometry. Muscle fibre orientations were extracted from the same dataset, also using Mimics.The muscle model presented here is based on Hill's three-element model for representation of the constituent parts of muscle fibres. This Hill-type muscle model also draws from recent work in muscle modelling, by Martins [88]. The model is implemented in an Abaqus user element (UEL) subroutine [24]. The transversely isotropic behaviour of the muscle tissue is accounted for, as well as the influence of muscle activation.The mechanics of the model is limited to static, small-strain, anisotropic, linear-elastic behaviour, and the governing equations are suitably linearized. The body position of the patient during an apneic episode is accounted for in the simulations, as well as the effect of gravity. The focus of this study is on tongue muscle behaviour under gravitational loading, simulating a simplified OSA event.Future models will incorporate airway pressure as well. The behaviour of the model is illustrated in a number of benchmark tests, and computational examples.iii

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Aerodynamics and aerosol particle deaggregation phenomena in model oral-pharyngeal cavities

Cited by 83 publications

References 18 publications

Steady flow through a realistic human upper airway geometry

Steady flow through a realistic human upper airway geometry

Simulation of Particle Deposition in an Idealized Mouth with Different Small Diameter Inlets

The biomechanics of the human tongue

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