Aerodynamic sound of a body in arbitrary, deformable motion, with application to phonation

Howe, M. S.; McGowan, Richard S.

doi:10.1016/j.jsv.2012.11.009

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Past studies by Zhao et al [1], Krane [2], Howe and McGowan [3] and Zhang et al [4,5] and recent studies by McGowan and Howe [6], Howe and McGowan [7] and Sidlof et al [8] reveal the importance of considering also the quadrupole sound source type. A review about the progress of fluid dynamic and aeroacoustic computation of voice generation is given by Alipour et al [9], Mittal et al [10], Howe and McGowan [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of the pulsating jet flow through a dynamic glottal model with a lens-like constriction

Mattheus

Brücker

2018

Biomed. Eng. Lett.

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A computational study of the pulsating jet in a squared channel with a dynamic glottal-shaped constriction is presented. It follows the model experiments of Triep and Brücker (J Acoust Soc Am 127(2):1537-1547, 2010) with the cam-driven model that replicates the dynamic glottal motion in the process of human phonation. The boundary conditions are mapped from the model experiment onto the computational model and the three dimensional time resolved velocity and pressure fields are numerically calculated. This study aims to provide more details of flow separation and pressure distribution in the glottal gap and in the supraglottal flow field. Within the glottal gap a 'vena contracta' effect is generated in the mid-sagittal plane. The flow separation in the mid-coronal plane is therefore delayed to larger diffuser angles which leads to an 'axisswitching' effect from mid-sagittal to mid-coronal plane. The location of flow separation in mid-sagittal cross section moves up-and downwards along the vocal folds surface in streamwise direction. The generated jet shear layer forms a chain of coherent vortex structures within each glottal cycle. These vortices cause characteristic velocity and pressure fluctuations in the supraglottal region, that are in the range of 10-30 times of the fundamental frequency.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of the pulsating jet flow through a dynamic glottal model with a lens-like constriction

Mattheus

Brücker

2018

Biomed. Eng. Lett.

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“…Another reason is that Lighthill did not take the existence of stationary or moving walls in vicinity to the flow field into account. Such walls are known to greatly increase the efficiency of sound production [48,49]. Despite these uncertainties, the η-values found are still useful for a relative comparison between the configurations.…”

Section: Aeroacoustic Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation of Acoustic Back-Coupling in Human Phonation on a Synthetic Larynx Model

Näger,

Kniesburges,

Tur

et al. 2023

Bioengineering

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In the human phonation process, acoustic standing waves in the vocal tract can influence the fluid flow through the glottis as well as vocal fold oscillation. To investigate the amount of acoustic back-coupling, the supraglottal flow field has been recorded via high-speed particle image velocimetry (PIV) in a synthetic larynx model for several configurations with different vocal tract lengths. Based on the obtained velocity fields, acoustic source terms were computed. Additionally, the sound radiation into the far field was recorded via microphone measurements and the vocal fold oscillation via high-speed camera recordings. The PIV measurements revealed that near a vocal tract resonance frequency fR, the vocal fold oscillation frequency fo (and therefore also the flow field’s fundamental frequency) jumps onto fR. This is accompanied by a substantial relative increase in aeroacoustic sound generation efficiency. Furthermore, the measurements show that fo-fR-coupling increases vocal efficiency, signal-to-noise ratio, harmonics-to-noise ratio and cepstral peak prominence. At the same time, the glottal volume flow needed for stable vocal fold oscillation decreases strongly. All of this results in an improved voice quality and phonation efficiency so that a person phonating with fo-fR-coupling can phonate longer and with better voice quality.

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“…Aeroacoustic theory [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] shows that the principal source of sound in phonation is vocal fold drag. Recent experimental results show that vocal fold drag is essentially equivalent to transglottal pressure force [15][16][17], which is proportional to the square of the jet velocity exiting the glottis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vortex Formation Times in the Glottal Jet, Measured in a Scaled-Up Model

Krane

2021

Fluids

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In this paper, the timing of vortex formation on the glottal jet is studied using previously published velocity measurements of flow through a scaled-up model of the human vocal folds. The relative timing of the pulsatile glottal jet and the instability vortices are acoustically important since they determine the harmonic and broadband content of the voice signal. Glottis exit jet velocity time series were extracted from time-resolved planar DPIV measurements. These measurements were acquired at four glottal flow speeds (uSS = 16.1–38 cm/s) and four glottis open times (To = 5.67–23.7 s), providing a Reynolds number range Re = 4100–9700 and reduced vibration frequency f* = 0.01−0.06. Exit velocity waveforms showed temporal behavior on two time scales, one that correlates to the period of vibration and another characterized by short, sharp velocity peaks (which correlate to the passage of instability vortices through the glottis exit plane). The vortex formation time, estimated by computing the time difference between subsequent peaks, was shown to be not well-correlated from one vibration cycle to the next. The principal finding is that vortex formation time depends not only on cycle phase, but varies strongly with reduced frequency of vibration. In all cases, a strong high-frequency burst of vortex motion occurs near the end of the cycle, consistent with perceptual studies using synthesized speech.

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Aerodynamic sound of a body in arbitrary, deformable motion, with application to phonation

Cited by 6 publications

References 57 publications

Characteristics of the pulsating jet flow through a dynamic glottal model with a lens-like constriction

Characteristics of the pulsating jet flow through a dynamic glottal model with a lens-like constriction

An Investigation of Acoustic Back-Coupling in Human Phonation on a Synthetic Larynx Model

Vortex Formation Times in the Glottal Jet, Measured in a Scaled-Up Model

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