Aerodynamic Particle Sizing versus Light Scattering Intensity Measurement as Methods for Real-Time Particle Sizing Coupled with Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

Salt, K.; Noble, Christopher A.; Prather, Kimberly A.

doi:10.1021/ac950396a

Cited by 68 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…As for size accuracy, this was shown to be dependent on the sizing technique used whereby dual-orthogonal-laser transit-time systems were found to have better size segregation and accuracy than single-laser light-scattering intensity systems. 38 For dual-laser systems, results were shown to be in good agreement with APS measurements.…”

Section: Aerosol Lams Requirements Forsupporting

confidence: 52%

Aerosol Laser Ablation Mass Spectrometry of Suspended Powders from PM Sources and Its Implications to Receptor Modeling

Tan

Fila

Evans

et al. 2002

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Primary sources of particulate matter (PM) were analyzed by suspending powdered samples into an aerosol laser ablation mass spectrometer (LAMS). PM sources studied included vehicle exhaust particulates, dust from a nonferrous smelter, cement powder, incinerator fly ash, two coal fly ash samples, and two soils. Marker peaks signified certain PM source sectors: construction particles could be distinguished by abundant Ca and Ca compounds, fuel combustion was marked by elemental carbon clusters, and nonferrous industrial particles showed inorganic As, Cu, Pb, Zn, and SO x . In addition to the distinction between particles from these different source sectors, mass spectral results also showed that for a single source, different particle types existed, and among different sources within a sector, similar spectra were present. The aerosol LAMS results show the difficulty in differentiating among separate fly ash sources as well as among different soil samples. A particle class balance receptor model that measures the amount of specific particle types rather than the amount of a chemical component is suggested as a means of source apportionment when particle spectra with overlapping source possibilities occur. The assumptions and limitations of receptor modeling aerosol LAMS data are also described. In particular, methods need to be developed to account for the contribution of secondary sources. INTRODUCTIONIn Ontario, Canada, ~1900 premature deaths, 9800 hospitalizations, and many more minor illnesses each year are attributed to air pollution.1 The Ontario Medical Association estimates that these burdens combine to cost, conservatively, more than $10 billion every year, both in direct (e.g., increased hospitalizations and employee absenteeism) and indirect (e.g., premature deaths and mental suffering) costs.1 A better characterization of air pollution, which includes a significant particulate matter (PM) component of acid aerosols, SO 4 2-particles, and PM from primary emission sources, would improve the understanding of its adverse health effects.2 Also, apportionment of the PM among its identified sources would help in determining targeted regulatory paths to remediate the PM component of air pollution problems.Single particle laser mass spectrometry is an advanced technique recently applied to the characterization of ambient PM.3 Aerosol laser ablation or laser desorption/ ionization mass spectrometers typically sample PM directly from the environment into the vacuum source region of a time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Individual particles are then ablated allowing particle-to-particle chemistries to be monitored online. In contrast to conventional bulk filter collection of PM that requires subsequent offline sample preparation and analysis, aerosol laser ablation mass spectrometry (LAMS) provides rapid, real-time information on separate particles. A recent literature review of the technique was conducted by Suess and Prather.

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Section: Aerosol Lams Requirements Forsupporting

confidence: 52%

Aerosol Laser Ablation Mass Spectrometry of Suspended Powders from PM Sources and Its Implications to Receptor Modeling

Tan

Fila

Evans

et al. 2002

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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“…Although several realtime single particle mass spectrometry (RTSPMS) methods exist [for a review see Johnston and Wexler, 1995], ATOFMS is currently the only one which provides precise particle size and chemical composition for particles in polydisperse samples [Salt et al, 1996].…”

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confidence: 99%

Real‐time single particle monitoring of a relative increase in marine aerosol concentration during winter rainstorms

Noble¹,

Prather²

1997

Geophysical Research Letters

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Abstract. During the months of December 1996 and January 1997, aerosol characterization was performed in real-time at Riverside, CA, an inland location approximately 100 km east of the Los Angeles coast. Analysis was performed on a single particle basis with measurements of both particle size and composition. Data were collected throughout the course of five rainstorms.Single particle mass spectra demonstrate that obvious composition changes occur in the aerosol systems as the marine air mass is transported inland. While precipitation scavenging of aerosols was observed, there was a significant relative increase of sea salt particles in the non-scavenged aerosol. Compositionally-resolved particle size distributions also demonstrate real-time changes that occur in the atmospheric aerosol sample.

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“…In addition, particle composition and properties may correlate with size (see, e.g., [14]). A time-of-flight (TOF) aerodynamic sizing technique [49] has been selected for particle size measurements in this instrument due to its capability of sizing individual particles on the fly with high resolution and its compatibility with further particle characterization. The sizing schematic is illustrated in Figure 7.…”

Section: Particle Beam Inletmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By choosing the appropriate lens setting, the inlet can function either as a concentrator or as a segregator. Particle size is determined with a dual-laser sizing system (see, e.g., [49,50]). As with other types of instruments, our apparatus can be used for a variety of applications including air pollution monitoring, contamination control in microelectronics manufacture and industrial hygiene.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development, Characterization, and Application of a Versatile Single Particle Detection Apparatus for Time-Integrated and Time-Resolved Fluorescence Measurements—Part II: Experimental Evaluation

Merten

Omenetto

et al. 2009

Laser Chemistry

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This paper describes the experimental realization and characterization of a versatile single particle detection apparatus. The system utilizes a novel particle beam inlet that can serve as either an on-line particle concentrator (i.e., all diameters confined in a narrow beam) or as a segregator (i.e., selected diameters confined in a narrow beam) and can be operated in a high-speed mode as well as in a low-speed mode, thus allowing different interaction times between the particles and the laser beam. An aerodynamic sizing technique has been incorporated into the system to provide rapid, real-time, and high-resolution sizing. Parameters such as transmission efficiency and size-segregation efficiency have been measured. The performance of the instrument has been demonstrated by on-line detection of spectrally resolved and time resolved fluorescence detection from airborne dyedoped particles and aerosolized endogenous fluorophores found in biological agents.

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Aerodynamic Particle Sizing versus Light Scattering Intensity Measurement as Methods for Real-Time Particle Sizing Coupled with Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

Cited by 68 publications

References 17 publications

Aerosol Laser Ablation Mass Spectrometry of Suspended Powders from PM Sources and Its Implications to Receptor Modeling

Aerosol Laser Ablation Mass Spectrometry of Suspended Powders from PM Sources and Its Implications to Receptor Modeling

Real‐time single particle monitoring of a relative increase in marine aerosol concentration during winter rainstorms

Development, Characterization, and Application of a Versatile Single Particle Detection Apparatus for Time-Integrated and Time-Resolved Fluorescence Measurements—Part II: Experimental Evaluation

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