Aerobic Program in Persons with Stroke: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review on the exercise trials post stroke. Material and Methods: Therefore, we conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled clinical trials published in PubMed and PEDro. The inclusion criteria were: Studies -randomized or controlled clinical trials; Participants -Adults of any age with a clinical diagnosis of stroke; Interventions -any aerobic physical training aimed at improving cardiovascular capacity and/or function. Two independent reviewers categorized the selected trials, assessed methodological quality and extracted the relevant data. Various protocols were analyzed and used for both the assessment and physical training of post-stroke subjects. results:According to clinical trials analyze, a wide range of instruments were used to measure functional capacity. Ergospirometry and ergometry were found to be main devices in the assessment of cardiovascular capacity. Cycle ergometer training was the most commonly used training strategy, and conventional physiotherapy (based on stretching, strengthening, balance, coordination and gait training) was the most frequent control therapy. Discussion: Training duration ranged from 4 weeks to 6 months; the mean weekly frequency was 3 sessions per week while training intensity ranged from 40 to 80% of maximal heart rate or VO2 peak. Duration of training sessions ranged from 25 minutes to 1 hour. conclusion: Exercise training is a promising tool for the management of post-stroke patients, both in terms of improved cardiovascular and functional capacity. Further studies are needed to widen the scope of therapeutic management of this population. Treino\exercício na bicicleta ergométrica foi a estratégia de treino mais comumente usada, e fisioterapia convencional (baseada em alongamentos, fortalecimentos, treino de equilíbrio, coordenação e marcha) foi a terapia de controle mais frequente. Discussão: A duração do programa variou de 4 semanas a 6 meses, a frequência semanal média foi de três sessões por semana, enquanto que a intensidade do treinamento variou de 40 a 80% da frequência cardíaca máxima ou VO2 máximo. A duração de sessões de treino variou entre 25 minutos a 1 hora. conclusão: O treino físico é uma ferramenta promissora para o tratamento de pacientes pós-AVC, tanto em termos de melhoria da capacidade funcional e da capacidade cardiovascular. No entanto, mais estudos são necessários para ampliar a área de atuação terapêutica nesta população.

Life concerns of elderly people living at home determined as by Community General Support Center staff: Implications for organizing a more effective integrated community care system. The Kurihara Project

“…Elderly persons with CDR 0.5 or VaD are likely to have decreased ability to perform ADL, which suggests that these persons should exercise as part of their lifestyle. These results are consistent with the positive effects of exercise intervention for older adults and for stroke patients …”

“…These results are consistent with the positive effects of exercise intervention for older adults and for stroke patients. [23][24][25] Although there was no statistical difference, more people had life concerns in the AD group than in the AD+CVD group. Generally, AD+CVD patients had a more severe condition than AD patients, making the results seemingly strange.…”

Inflammatory Mechanisms Associated with Skeletal Muscle Sequelae after Stroke: Role of Physical Exercise

“…On the other hand, physical exercise (PE) has been postulated by international organizations (i.e., American Heart Association (AHA) and American Stroke Association (ASA)) as a useful tool for the rehabilitation of poststroke patients, since PE may counterregulate the most of the deleterious effects of stroke in the organic systems [ 10 ]. Indeed, several reviews have pointed out that PE can elicit improvement in cognition, upper and lower limb motor function, cardiovascular performance, cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., triglycerides), fatigue resistance, balance, gait, and mobility [ 10 , 12 , 120 ].…”

“…Most studies on the role of PE in poststroke patients have focused on aerobic exercise. A recent systematic review showed that most clinical trials studying the effect of aerobic physical exercise on stroke patients have used short-term interventions (6–8 weeks), with a mean frequency of 3 sessions per week, and a 30–40-minute exercise duration [ 120 ]. Regarding exercise intensity, moderate and progressive (moderate to moderate-intense) intensities prevailed [ 120 ].…”

“…Increase in cardiorespiratory fitness (15–18%) is the most cited alteration after moderate aerobic exercise, and it occurs even after short-term exercise protocols (i.e., 8 weeks) [ 10 , 120 – 123 ]. However, the beneficial effects of moderate aerobic exercise in poststroke patients are not restricted to cardiorespiratory fitness, and studies have demonstrated increase in mobility (e.g., get up and go test (GUG)) and motor function, [ 123 ], as well as decrease in cardiovascular risk factors, such as hyperinsulinemia [ 122 ].…”