2015
DOI: 10.1021/cs502126n
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Aerobic Oxidation of PdII to PdIV by Active Radical Reactants: Direct C–H Nitration and Acylation of Arenes via Oxygenation Process with Molecular Oxygen

Abstract: A Pd-catalyzed aerobic oxidative C–H nitration and acylation of arenes with simple and readily available tert-butyl nitrite (TBN) and toluene as the radical precursors has been developed. Molecular oxygen is employed as the terminal oxidant and oxygen source to initiate the active radical reactants. Many different directing groups such as pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazole, pyridol, pyridylketone, oxime, and azo groups can be employed in these novel transformations. The PdII/PdIV catalytic cycle through a radical … Show more

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Cited by 197 publications
(68 citation statements)
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References 158 publications
(37 reference statements)
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“…A series of different directing group viz . pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazole, pyridol, pyridylketone, oxime, and azo groups were screened and all can be employed successfully in this directed nitrations (Scheme ) …”
Section: Outlines Of the Reactions Involving Tbnmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A series of different directing group viz . pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazole, pyridol, pyridylketone, oxime, and azo groups were screened and all can be employed successfully in this directed nitrations (Scheme ) …”
Section: Outlines Of the Reactions Involving Tbnmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 In 2013, Anbarasan et al reported the Rh-catalyzed cyanation assisted by chelation of C À H bonds of 2-aryl pyridines. Cyanation of 2-aryl pyridines (3), using AgSbF 6 in toluene with readily accessible and environmentally benign Ncyano-N-phenyl-p-methylbenzenesulfonamide (NCTS) (60) as a cyanating reagent, allowed the synthesis of various pyridine aryl nitriles (61) in moderate to good yields (Scheme 29). [45] Interestingly, sterically hindered substrates like 2-methylphenyl and naphthyl substituted pyridines also underwent a smooth reaction under the optimized reaction conditions.…”
Section: Cyanation Of 2-aryl Pyridinesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The reaction of 2-aryl pyridine (3) with toluene (90) using 10 mol % Pd(OAc) 2 and 20 mol% Nhydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) as a co-catalyst at 80 8C under 1 atm of O 2 afforded the aryl ketone (91) in 80% yield (Scheme 45). [61] In this reaction, toluene acts as both acylating agent and solvent. This acylation reaction provides a simple route for orthoacylation of 2-aryl pyridines with molecular oxygen as the terminal oxidant and oxygen source to afford aryl ketones.…”
Section: Reviewsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[21] Aufbauend auf den Arbeiten der Gruppen von Tisue [17] und Norman [18,19] (siehe Abschnitt 1) ist die katalytische aromatische Nitrierung sowohl mit abspaltbaren [65] als auch nicht abspaltbaren [66] dirigierenden Gruppen am Pd in Gegenwart von MNO 2 -Salzen durchführbar,w as auch Erkenntnissen über klassische Kreuzkupplungsprozesse entspricht, [67] in denen ein spezieller Phosphanligand zur Auslçsung einer reduktiven Nitriteliminierung am Pd II erforderlich ist. Die neueren Arbeiten der Gruppen von Ranu [68] und Jiao [69] sind besonders erwähnenswert, da in diesen eine katalytische aromatische Nitrierung unter Verwendung von tert-Butylnitrit (TBN) mit molekularem O 2 gelang. Eine Reihe verschiedener Substrate,d ie unterschiedliche dirigierende Gruppen enthalten, beeinflusste die Nitrierung von C(sp 2 )-H-Bindungen und bildete Produkte wie 41-45.Außerdem führte die C(sp 3 )-H-Bindungsaktivierung zu 46,einem Substrat, das von Sanford durch NO x -Redoxchemie acetoxyliert wurde.…”
Section: Zusammenfassung Und Ausblickunclassified
“…Die fett hervorgehobene Bindung zeigt die Position der neuen Nitrogruppean. Der Katalysezyklus wurde wie im Originalbeitrag verçffentlicht dargestellt [69]. Der untere Kasten zeigt die Zersetzungsreaktion von TBN zu NO und die Reoxidation zu NO 2 in situ.…”
unclassified