Aerobic Glycolysis in Osteoblasts

Esen, Emel; Long, Fanxin

doi:10.1007/s11914-014-0235-y

Cited by 74 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Osteoblasts appear to metabolize glucose mostly into lactate even in the presence of sufficient oxygen, a process known as aerobic glycolysis [20]. The phenomenon was documented initially in bone explants and later in isolated osteoblasts [16,21–23].…”

Section: Glucose Metabolism In Osteoblastsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucose metabolism in bone

Karner

Long

2018

Bone

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115

110

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The adult human skeleton is a multifunctional organ undergoing constant remodeling through the opposing activities of the bone-resorbing osteoclast and the bone-forming osteoblast. The exquisite balance between bone resorption and bone formation is responsible for bone homeostasis in healthy adults. However, evidence has emerged that such a balance is likely disrupted in diabetes where systemic glucose metabolism is dysregulated, resulting in increased bone frailty and osteoporotic fractures. These findings therefore underscore the significance of understanding the role and regulation of glucose metabolism in bone under both normal and pathological conditions. Recent studies have shed new light on the metabolic plasticity and the critical functions of glucose metabolism during osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation. Moreover, these studies have begun to identify intersections between glucose metabolism and the growth factors and transcription factors previously known to regulate osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Here we summarize the current knowledge in the nascent field, and suggest that a fundamental understanding of glucose metabolic pathways in the critical bone cell types may open new avenues for developing novel bone therapeutics.

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Section: Glucose Metabolism In Osteoblastsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucose metabolism in bone

Karner

Long

2018

Bone

Self Cite

115

110

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“…65 Studies from independent laboratories have confirmed that osteogenic differentiation is driven almost exclusively by glycolysis and that GLUT1 is essential to that process. 66,67 Moreover, PTH, which can enhance HSC egress and MSC differentiation, works by inducing glycolysis in differentiated osteoblasts, probably through upregulation of GLUT1 and GLUT3 expression. 68 Overall, it is clear that the bioenergetics of cells in the niche, driven by ATP demand, help determine how specific transcriptional factors induce the differentiation of stem and progenitor cells.…”

Section: Biochemistry Of the Nichementioning

confidence: 99%

Navigating the bone marrow niche: translational insights and cancer-driven dysfunction

2015

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The bone marrow niche consists of stem and progenitor cells destined to become mature cells such as haematopoietic elements, osteoblasts or adipocytes. Marrow cells, influenced by endocrine, paracrine and autocrine factors, ultimately function as a unit to regulate bone remodelling and haematopoiesis. Current evidence highlights the bone marrow niche is not merely an anatomic compartment; rather, it integrates the physiology of two distinct organ systems, the skeleton and the marrow. The niche has a hypoxic microenvironment that maintains quiescent haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and supports glycolytic metabolism. In response to biochemical cues and under the influence of neural, hormonal, and biochemical factors, marrow stromal elements, such as mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), differentiate into mature, functioning cells. However, disruption of the niche can affect cellular differentiation, resulting in disorders ranging from osteoporosis to malignancy. In this Review, we propose that the niche reflects the vitality of two distinct tissues—bone and blood—by providing a unique environment for stem and stromal cells to flourish whilst simultaneously preventing disproportionate proliferation, malignant transformation or loss of the multipotent progenitors required for healing, functional immunity and growth throughout an organism’s lifetime. Through a fuller understanding of the complexity of the niche in physiologic and pathologic states, the successful development of more-effective therapeutic approaches to target the niche and its cellular components for the treatment of rheumatic, endocrine, neoplastic and metabolic diseases becomes achievable.

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“…Glucose is the primary fuel for remodeling; osteoblasts rely on glucose as their primary energy source [48,49] and osteoclasts also use glucose [42].…”

Section: Bone Structure and Function Are Dependent On Insulin And Glumentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of reduced insulin-stimulated bone blood flow in the pathogenesis of metabolic insulin resistance and diabetic bone fragility

Hinton

2016

Medical Hypotheses

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Aerobic Glycolysis in Osteoblasts

Cited by 74 publications

References 64 publications

Glucose metabolism in bone

Glucose metabolism in bone

Navigating the bone marrow niche: translational insights and cancer-driven dysfunction

Role of reduced insulin-stimulated bone blood flow in the pathogenesis of metabolic insulin resistance and diabetic bone fragility

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