Aerobic fitness and sympatho-adrenal response to short-term psycho-emotional stress under field conditions

Wittels, P.; Rosenmayr, Georg; Bischof, B; Hartter, E.; Haber, P.

doi:10.1007/bf01094803

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The time between GSI and GSII was only a period of 30 min without physical activity. Regarding GSIII, in a previous study, we studied the f c response to the purely physical work involved in this task after 3 days of intensive and multifactorial strain in a comparable group of soldiers (Wittels et al 1994). Only a moderate increase in f c from 53.5 (1.6) beatsAEmin -1 at rest to 85.8 (8.8) beatsAEmin -1 was observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Values are presented as the mean ± SEM at baseline testing (BLT) and immediately before the stressful ''guerrilla slide'' (GS) tasks (GSI, GSII and GSIII) likelihood that a psychological stressor will cause a stress-induced response are its novel, challenging or threatening aspects, which engage a participant in continuous active mental effort (Herd 1991). We chose a military task in which the emotional stress was obvious to the training staff as judged from their experience, and has been demonstrated in a previous study to affect f c and catecholamine regulation (Wittels et al 1994). The two major hypotheses of this study were supported by the results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the beginning of a survival training the participants had to perform a military task called a guerrilla slide (GS), which is known to be emotionally stressful (Wittels et al 1994). The participants had no previous experience with this military task, which involved negotiating a natural obstacle (gorge) by sliding down a rope hanging from a handlebar without any safety provisions, thus being exposed to the danger of falling into shallow water from a height of up to 12 m (GSI).…”

Section: Protocol Of the Real-life Eventmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the participants were exposed to a reallife situation that is known to be emotionally stressful (as attested by experience and increases in f c and catecholamine excretion; Wittels et al 1994). The hypothesis was that the emotional load immediately before performing the stressful task would result in an increase in f 0 and that repetitions of the task would attenuate that increase due to improvements in the participant's ability to cope with the task.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Voice monitoring to measure emotional load during short-term stress

Wittels¹,

Johannes

Enne³

et al. 2002

European Journal of Applied Physiology

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It is well known that there is a relationship between the voice the human emotional status. Previous studies have demonstrated that changes of fundamental frequency ( f(0)), in particular, have a significant relationship with emotional load. The aim of the present study was to investigate how f(0) changes in response to an unknown emotionally stressful task under real-life conditions. A further question was whether repetitions of this task lead to an adaptation of f(0), indicating a lower emotional load. The participants of this study included 26 healthy males. f(0) and heart rate ( f(c)) were recorded for baseline testing (BLT) under relaxed laboratory conditions. Then the participants were asked to negotiate a natural obstacle by way of sliding down a rope hanging from a handlebar without any safety provisions, thus being exposed to the danger of a fall from a height of up to 12 m into shallow water (guerrilla slide I, GSI). The task was repeated after 30 min (GSII) and after 3 days of physical strain (GSIII). Immediately before starting the task the participants were asked to give a standardised speech sample, during which f(c) was recorded. The mode value of f(0) ( f(0,mode)) of the speech samples was used for further analysis. The mean (SD) value of f(0,mode) at BLT was 114.9 (14.8) Hz; this increased to 138.8 (19.6) Hz at GSI ( P<0.000), decreased to 135.9 (19.6) Hz at GSII and to 130.0 (21.5) Hz at GSIII ( P=0.012). The increase in f(c) was significantly different from BLT to GSI ( P<0.000). The repetitions of the task did not produce significant changes in f(c). It was shown that f(0,mode) is a sensitive parameter to describe changes in emotional load, at least in response to short-term psychoemotional stress, and seems to throw light upon the amount of adaptation caused by increased experience.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Protocol Of the Real-life Eventmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Voice monitoring to measure emotional load during short-term stress

Wittels¹,

Johannes

Enne³

et al. 2002

European Journal of Applied Physiology

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“…All calculations for the cycle ergometer test were done with the aid of a computer (Wittels et al 1994). Blood pressure was measured at the end of each intensity increment and in the recovery period (1, 3, and 5 min = post_PhyL_1, post_PhyL_2, post_PhyL_3).…”

Section: Physical Load Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-linear function model of voice pitch dependency on physical and mental load

Johannes

Wittels²,

Enne³

et al. 2007

Eur J Appl Physiol

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The present work describes that under increasing physical load the voice fundamental frequency (voice pitch) remains on a given level as long as the physical load is well tolerated by the subject, whereas heart rate and blood pressure continuously increase during increasing physical load. This voice pitch level was compared to voice pitch levels under mental load. Using a word recognition system, 11 well trained, young male subjects had to solve 2 moderate mental load tasks. Before, during and after each task, there were structured relaxation phases. The physical load protocol was a standard bicycle stress test. In each protocol phase the subjects had to count from 1 to 10 in order to provide a standardized speech sample. Heart rate and blood pressure were recorded in all phases. Voice frequency was at average 106 +/- 5.2 Hz in the relaxation phases ('rest level') and was increased under mental load (115.9 +/- 5.7 Hz, Pillais-P = 0.037). During physical stress testing, voice pitch remained unchanged ('tolerated load level') between 100 and 200 W (117.4 +/- 4.8 Hz) and increased shortly before physical exhaustion ('exhaustion level', 275-350 W, 142.9 +/- 5.6 Hz, Pillais-P = 0.007). In contrast, heart rate and blood pressure increased continuously with the physical load. Three voice pitch levels could be verified also individually for each subject. For the practical monitoring of emotional stress the individual anchor frequencies for these levels must be assessed. These data indicate that the relationship between both types of load and voice pitch is non-linear with multiple plateaus and transition functions between them.

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Cardiorespiratory fitness and laboratory stress: A meta‐regression analysis

Jackson¹,

Dishman²

2006

Psychophysiology

150

105

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We performed a meta-regression analysis of 73 studies that examined whether cardiorespiratory fitness mitigates cardiovascular responses during and after acute laboratory stress in humans. The cumulative evidence indicates that fitness is related to slightly greater reactivity, but better recovery. However, effects varied according to several study features and were smallest in the better controlled studies. Fitness did not mitigate integrated stress responses such as heart rate and blood pressure, which were the focus of most of the studies we reviewed. Nonetheless, potentially important areas, particularly hemodynamic and vascular responses, have been understudied. Women, racial/ethnic groups, and cardiovascular patients were underrepresented. Randomized controlled trials, including naturalistic studies of real-life responses, are needed to clarify whether a change in fitness alters putative stress mechanisms linked with cardiovascular health.

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Aerobic fitness and sympatho-adrenal response to short-term psycho-emotional stress under field conditions

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Voice monitoring to measure emotional load during short-term stress

Voice monitoring to measure emotional load during short-term stress

Non-linear function model of voice pitch dependency on physical and mental load

Cardiorespiratory fitness and laboratory stress: A meta‐regression analysis

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