Aerobic Demand of Running Shoes Designed to Exploit Energy Storage and Return

Morgan, Don W.; Miller, Todd A.; Mitchell, Victoria; Craib, M.

doi:10.1080/02701367.1996.10607931

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Five studies were excluded for not using a study sample of distance runners only [29][30][31][32][33], one study was excluded for only comparing running shoe with running shoe plus orthotic [34], two studies were excluded for comparing running shoe with military boots [35] or spring boots [36], three studies were excluded for using short-distance running tests (18,20 and 60 m) that were not considered representative of distance running performance [37][38][39], two studies were excluded for measuring running economy while running on an underwater treadmill [40,41] and one study was excluded for not reporting running performance or economy data [42].…”

Section: Reasons For Exclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Footwear on Running Performance and Running Economy in Distance Runners

et al. 2014

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Section: Reasons For Exclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Footwear on Running Performance and Running Economy in Distance Runners

et al. 2014

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“…These authors estimated, by simulating the loads experienced during running in cadaver feet, that approximately 17% of the mechanical work of running could be stored and returned by the foot’s arch as it undergoes compression and recoil over the stance phase 5 and that this contributes to the economy of running. This theory has subsequently been adopted in numerous investigations ranging from analyses of running mechanics 6 , the evolution of human running 7 , and footwear design 8 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Foot’s Arch and the Energetics of Human Locomotion

Stearne

McDonald

Alderson

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

129

121

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The energy-sparing spring theory of the foot’s arch has become central to interpretations of the foot’s mechanical function and evolution. Using a novel insole technique that restricted compression of the foot’s longitudinal arch, this study provides the first direct evidence that arch compression/recoil during locomotion contributes to lowering energy cost. Restricting arch compression near maximally (~80%) during moderate-speed (2.7 ms−1) level running increased metabolic cost by + 6.0% (p < 0.001, d = 0.67; unaffected by foot strike technique). A simple model shows that the metabolic energy saved by the arch is largely explained by the passive-elastic work it supplies that would otherwise be done by active muscle. Both experimental and model data confirm that it is the end-range of arch compression that dictates the energy-saving role of the arch. Restricting arch compression had no effect on the cost of walking or incline running (3°), commensurate with the smaller role of passive-elastic mechanics in these gaits. These findings substantiate the elastic energy-saving role of the longitudinal arch during running, and suggest that arch supports used in some footwear and orthotics may increase the cost of running.

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“…It is evident that high shoe weight increases the physical exertion of an athlete during a short run at high speed [17][18][19][20]. Therefore, for sports applications, it is also important to design the shoe with a lightweight material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Fiber Reinforced Shoe Midsoles with Balanced Stiffness/Damping Behavior

Cordin,

Eberle,

Bechtold

et al. 2024

Materials

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The comfort of walking depends heavily on the shoes used. Consequently, the midsole of shoes is designed in such a way that it can dampen force peaks during walking. This significantly increases the overall wellness during walking. Therefore, the midsole usually consists of rubber-like polymers, such as polyurethane and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. Furthermore, the manufacturing process of these polymers results in a foam-like structure. This further enhances the damping behavior of the material. Nevertheless, it would be desirable to find a cheap and sustainable method to enhance the damping behavior of the shoe midsole. The purpose of this work is to see if hemp fibers, which are part of the polymer matrix material, could improve the stiffness without losing the damping behavior. The mechanical properties of such prepared fiber-reinforced composites were characterized by quasi-static tensile testing and dynamic mechanical analysis. The mechanical properties were examined in relation to the fiber type, weight fraction, and type of polyurethane used. Furthermore, the investigation of the embedding of these fibers in the polymer matrix was conducted through the utilization of optical and electron microscopy.

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Aerobic Demand of Running Shoes Designed to Exploit Energy Storage and Return

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

The Effect of Footwear on Running Performance and Running Economy in Distance Runners

The Effect of Footwear on Running Performance and Running Economy in Distance Runners

The Foot’s Arch and the Energetics of Human Locomotion

Natural Fiber Reinforced Shoe Midsoles with Balanced Stiffness/Damping Behavior

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