Aero Engine Concepts Beyond 2030: Part 3—Experimental Demonstration of Technological Feasibility

Schmitz, Oliver; Kaiser, Sascha; Klingels, Hermann; Kufner, Petra; Obermüller, Martin; Henke, Martin; Zanger, Jan; Grimm, Felix; Schuldt, Simon; Marcellan, Anna; Cirigliano, Daniele; Kutne, Peter; Heron-Himmel, Alex; Schneider, Stephan; Richter, Judith; Göhler-Stroh, Anne; Seitz, Arne; Hornung, Mirko

doi:10.1115/1.4048994

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…A later adaption in view of possible aero-engine applications was the transition to liquid fuel operation [36][37][38]. Explicit developments for aero-engine applications are subject to on-going studies [39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical and Experimental Study of a Jet-and-Recirculation Stabilized Low Calorific Combustor for a Hybrid Power Plant

et al. 2021

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An atmospheric prototype burner is studied with numerical and experimental tools. The burner system is designed for operation in a hybrid power plant for decentralized energy conversion. In order to realize such a coupled system, a reliable combustion system has to be established. Numerical and experimental findings in the presented study demonstrate the capabilities of the novel burner system in suitable operation conditions. In this system, a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is mounted upstream of the burner in the gas turbine system. The combination of both realizes a large operational flexibility with comparably high overall efficiency. Since the combustor is operated with SOFC off-gas, several challenges arise. Low calorific combustion needs careful burner design and numerical modeling, since the heat-loss mechanisms occur to be in the order of magnitude of thermal power output. Thus, different modeling strategies are discussed in the paper. The numerical studies are compared with experimental results and high-quality simulation results complement limited measured findings with easy-to-use low fidelity RANS models. A priori measurements are employed for the selection of investigation points. It is shown that the presented combustor system is able to cover low-calorific combustion over a large range of operation conditions, despite major heat-loss effects, which are characterized by means of numerical CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) modeling.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical and Experimental Study of a Jet-and-Recirculation Stabilized Low Calorific Combustor for a Hybrid Power Plant

et al. 2021

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“…The Water-Enhanced Turbofan (WET) engine concept, discussed in this paper, tackles all of the above-mentioned effects. MTU Aero Engines has presented the novel cycle at an early stage of development, in a three-part publication series [11][12][13], in order to give an insight on MTU's initiatives towards climate-neutral flying. This paper aims at launching the discussion in atmospheric sciences on the influence of the concept on climate impact, more particularly on the formation of contrails.…”

Section: Revolutionary Engine Concept and Emission Reduction Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Climate Impact Reduction Potential of the Water-Enhanced Turbofan (WET) Concept

2021

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Aviation faces increasing pressure not only to reduce fuel burn, and; therefore, CO2 emissions, but also to provide technical solutions for an overall climate impact minimization. To combine both, a concept for the enhancement of an aircraft engine by steam injection with inflight water recovery is being developed. The so-called Water-Enhanced Turbofan (WET) concept promises a significant reduction of CO2 emissions, NOx emissions, and contrail formation. Representative missions for an A320-type aircraft using the proposed new engine were calculated. Applying a first-order one-dimensional climate assessment prospects the reduction of more than half of the Global Warming Potential over one hundred years, compared to an evolutionarily improved aero-engine. If CO2-neutrally produced sustainable aviation fuels are used, climate impact could be reduced by 93% compared to today’s aircraft. The evaluation is a first estimate of effects based on preliminary design studies and should provide a starting point for discussion in the scientific community, implying the need for research, especially on the formation mechanisms and radiation properties of potential contrails from the comparatively cold exhaust gases of the WET engine.

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“…Some authors stated that a combustion with 20% (by weight) of water vapor can lead to a reduction of NO x formation by around 80% at temperatures that are typical for aircraft engine operations [72]. Recently, MTU Aero Engines presented a novel concept of a steam injection turbine cycle [73][74][75]. The Water-Enhanced Turbofan (WET) engine concept, schematized in Figure 7, offers the potential to reduce or even avoid the formation of contrails.…”

Section: Steam Injectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Combustion Strategies in Gas Turbines for Propulsion and Power Generation toward a Zero-Emissions Future: Fuels, Burners, and Combustion Techniques

et al. 2021

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The effects of climate change and global warming are arising a new awareness on the impact of our daily life. Power generation for transportation and mobility as well as in industry is the main responsible for the greenhouse gas emissions. Indeed, currently, 80% of the energy is still produced by combustion of fossil fuels; thus, great efforts need to be spent to make combustion greener and safer than in the past. For this reason, a review of the most recent gas turbines combustion strategy with a focus on fuels, combustion techniques, and burners is presented here. A new generation of fuels for gas turbines are currently under investigation by the academic community, with a specific concern about production and storage. Among them, biofuels represent a trustworthy and valuable solution in the next decades during the transition to zero carbon fuels (e.g., hydrogen and ammonia). Promising combustion techniques explored in the past, and then abandoned due to their technological complexity, are now receiving renewed attention (e.g., MILD, PVC), thanks to their effectiveness in improving the efficiency and reducing emissions of standard gas turbine cycles. Finally, many advances are illustrated in terms of new burners, developed for both aviation and power generation. This overview points out promising solutions for the next generation combustion and opens the way to a fast transition toward zero emissions power generation.

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Aero Engine Concepts Beyond 2030: Part 3—Experimental Demonstration of Technological Feasibility

Cited by 11 publications

References 22 publications

Numerical and Experimental Study of a Jet-and-Recirculation Stabilized Low Calorific Combustor for a Hybrid Power Plant

Numerical and Experimental Study of a Jet-and-Recirculation Stabilized Low Calorific Combustor for a Hybrid Power Plant

Evaluation of the Climate Impact Reduction Potential of the Water-Enhanced Turbofan (WET) Concept

Recent Combustion Strategies in Gas Turbines for Propulsion and Power Generation toward a Zero-Emissions Future: Fuels, Burners, and Combustion Techniques

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