Aedes: What Do We Know about Them and What Can They Transmit?

Das, Biswadeep; Ghosal, Sayam; Mohanty, Swabhiman

doi:10.5772/intechopen.81363

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…DHF is a disease caused by the dengue virus and its spread is caused by infected female mosquitoes. The two main mosquito species of dengue vector virus that cause dengue fever are Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus 1,2 . Based on a modelling study, it is estimated that there are 390 million cases of the disease caused by the dengue virus annually from all over the world 3 .…”

Section: Identification Of Aedes Aegypti and Aedes Albopictus Eggs Ba...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus eggs based on image processing and elliptic fourier analysis

Gunara,

Joelianto,

Ahmad

2023

Sci Rep

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Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a worldwide epidemic caused by dengue virus and spread by infected female mosquitoes. The two main mosquito species vectors of the dengue virus are Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Conventionally, the identification of these two species’ egg is time-consuming which makes vector control more difficult. However, although attempts on efficiency improvements by providing automatic identification have been conducted, the earliest stage is at the larval stage. In addition, there are currently no studies on classifying to distinguish the two vectors during the egg stage based on their digital image. A total of 140 egg images of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus were collected and validated by rearing them individually to become adult mosquitoes. Image processing and elliptic Fourier analysis were carried out to extract and describe the shape difference of the two vectors’ eggs. Machine learning algorithms were then used to classify the shape signatures. Morphometrically, the two species’ eggs were significantly different, which Aedes albopictus were smaller in size. Egg-shape contour reconstructions of principal components and Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) revealed that there is a significant difference (p value $$< 0.000$$ < 0.000 ) in shape between two species’ eggs at the posterior end. Based on Wilk’s lambda of the MANOVA results, the classification could be done using only the first 3 principal components. Classification of the test data yielded an accuracy of 85.00% and F1 score 84.21% with Linear Discriminant Analysis applying default hyperparameter. Alternatively, k-Nearest Neighbors with optimal hyperparameter yielded a higher classification result with 87.50% and 87.18% of accuracy and F1 score, respectively. These results demonstrate that the proposed method can be used to classify Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus eggs based on their digital image. This method provides a foundation for improving the identification and surveillance of the two vectors and decision making in developing vector control strategies.

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Section: Identification Of Aedes Aegypti and Aedes Albopictus Eggs Ba...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus eggs based on image processing and elliptic fourier analysis

Gunara,

Joelianto,

Ahmad

2023

Sci Rep

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“…Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus are the most widespread and important vectors and transmit a wide variety of viruses belonging to three families: the Flaviviridae with the genus Flavivirus, Bunyaviridae comprising the genera Bunyavirus and Phlebovirus and Togaviridae comprising the genus Alphavirus (Das et al, 2018). The Togaviridae viral diseases transmitted by mosquitoes are mostly characterized by rashes and joint pains and are more restricted in distribution.…”

Section: Mosquitoes As Vectors Of Human Viral Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insect vectors of human viral diseases: can they transmit COVID-19?

Dangalle

2021

Sri Lankan J. Biol.

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IntroductionInsects are carriers of diseases to humans, other animals and plants. Centuries ago, they have been suggested as being possibly entailed in the spread of disease, especially with the outbreak of war (MacGregor, 1918). In 1577 Mercurialis, an Italian physician, suggested that plague, which was then ravaging Europe, was spread by flies feeding upon the diseased and dead, and later depositing fecal matter on food consumed by healthy persons (MacGregor, 1918). The connection between insects and diseases such as Yellow fever, Malaria, Anthrax, Filaria were also established a long time ago (MacGregor, 1918). The Dengue fever, whose global incidence has grown in recent decades was named as breakbone fever at the time and was stated as an insect-borne disease of unknown origin. Sandflies and mosquitoes were named as potential vectors, but the mosquito vectors were identified as Culex fatigans and Stegomyia fasciata (MacGregor, 1918). In 1937, Cook stated of 135 species of insects as vectors of viral diseases in plants. Species of aphids (causing "curl" disease to potatoes, Bermuda Lily disease) and leafhoppers (causing "Dwarf of Rice" disease in Japan, curly top disease of sugar beet in America) were identified as some of the important plant disease vectors (Cook, 1937).

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“…Dengue is an endemic disease caused by the Flaviviridae family's dengue virus, which uses Aedes aegypti as a vector [1]. The infection can result in dengue fever, haemorrhagic fever, or shock syndrome, the latter of which is more severe and potentially fatal [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Docking and Pharmacokinetics Analysis of Phytochemicals from Piper caninum as Dengue NS2B-NS3 Protease Inhibitors

Mustafa,

Cheng,

Razali

et al. 2024

J.Trop.Life.Science

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Dengue fever affects 390 million people each year. Currently, there is no specific medicine to treat this disease. Thus, the search for potential NS2B-NS3 protease inhibitors has attracted increasing research interest. The dengue protease NS2B-NS3 was used as a molecular target because of its vital function in viral replication. Piper caninum belongs to the Piperaceae family, found inhabited in Malaysia and Indonesia. This plant possesses various phytochemicals with various health benefits. However, the anti-dengue activity of this plant is yet to be discovered. Therefore, the objective of this research is to evaluate the inhibitory activity of phytochemicals from P. caninum against NS2B-NS3 using in silico experimentation. Molecular docking using AutoDock Vina was utilized to identify the binding interaction of phytochemicals on NS2B-NS3. SwissADME and ProTox-II web servers were used to analyse the ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) of the phytochemicals. Results showed that cepharadione A, bornyl caffeate, and (+)-bornyl p-coumarate had comparable molecular interaction with the reference compound, curcumin. Analysis of in silico pharmacokinetics properties revealed that these phytochemicals have good pharmacokinetics profiles and excellent drug-ability, which obeyed Lipinski’s Rule of Five. This study shows the potential inhibitory activity of the phytochemicals against NS2B-NS3 for a lead in the development of dengue inhibitors

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Aedes: What Do We Know about Them and What Can They Transmit?

Cited by 7 publications

References 51 publications

Identification of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus eggs based on image processing and elliptic fourier analysis

Identification of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus eggs based on image processing and elliptic fourier analysis

Insect vectors of human viral diseases: can they transmit COVID-19?

Molecular Docking and Pharmacokinetics Analysis of Phytochemicals from Piper caninum as Dengue NS2B-NS3 Protease Inhibitors

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