Aedes aegypti Molecular Responses to Zika Virus: Modulation of Infection by the Toll and Jak/Stat Immune Pathways and Virus Host Factors

Angleró-Rodríguez, Yesseinia I.; MacLeod, Hannah J.; Kang, Sang‐Wook; Carlson, Jenny; Jupatanakul, Natapong; Dimopoulos, George

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.02050

Cited by 111 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Suppression of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in A. aegypti requires the activation of both the Toll and JAK/STAT pathways, as determined by the study of RNAi‐mediated downregulation of Cactus and PIAS, respectively (Angleró‐Rodríguez et al . ). The specialization of the JAK/STAT pathway in mosquitoes was further revealed by a study that showed that the genetically modified strain of A. aegypti could regulate JAK/STAT components to DENV but not to ZIKV or chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection (Jupatanakul et al .…”

Section: Functional Utilization Of Jak/stat Pathway In Insect Innatementioning

confidence: 97%

JAK/STAT signaling in insect innate immunity

Bang

2019

Entomological Research

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Lack of an adaptive strategy to combat infection creates opportunities for the innate immune system to guide invertebrate defense mechanisms. The innate immunity signaling cascades in invertebrates are elaborate, complex, and pathogen‐specific. Among invertebrates, the most extended repertoire of molecules that function in the regulatory signaling pathways has been observed in insects. This is highlighted by the fact that antimicrobial peptide (AMP) production against pathogens is orchestrated through diverse immune pathways, either independently or through cross‐talk mechanisms. The Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway coordinates immune responses from cytokines and regulates multiple homeostasis mechanisms in the host. That pathway has been implicated in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, and inflammatory reactions. Many novel therapeutic interventions for tumors have been aimed at inhibitors of the JAK/STAT cascade. The regulatory pathway has much fewer components in Drosophila, and human homologs of almost all the critical pathway components and negative regulators have been identified. Loss‐of‐function mutation analysis and RNA interference‐based gene silencing modeling have produced functional characterization of the core components and negative regulators in Drosophila melanogaster, Aedes aegypti, and Anopheles gambiae, and in some hymenopteran and lepidopteran species. The genome‐wide analysis of the coleopteran species, Tribolium castaneum and Tenebrio molitor have been explored for elucidation of their JAK/STAT pathway regulatory components. Considering the promise of the JAK/STAT pathway in the mammalian model, the regulatory pathway in insects seems interesting especially for understanding pathogen surveillance mechanisms.

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Section: Functional Utilization Of Jak/stat Pathway In Insect Innatementioning

confidence: 97%

JAK/STAT signaling in insect innate immunity

Bang

2019

Entomological Research

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“…We chose DENV serotype 1 (DENV1) in this study. DENV serotype 2 (DENV2) have been used in many genome-wide expression studies either in mammalian or mosquito hosts (Angleró-Rodríguez et al, 2017;Bonizzoni et al, 2012;Miesen et al, 2016;Sim et al, 2013;Sim and Dimopoulos, 2010;Tsujimoto et al, 2017;Zanini et al, 2018). DENV2 has been the center of attention in studies involving DENV, despite the fact that other serotypes are similarly as important as serotype 2.…”

Section: Ae Albopictus Novel Mirnas Were Differentially Expressed Upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revised annotation and characterization of novelAedes albopictusmiRNAs and their potential functions in dengue virus infection

Azlan

Yunus

Azzam

2020

Preprint

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The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus (Ae. albopictus), is a highly invasive species that transmit several arboviruses including dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV), and chikungunya (CHIKV).Although several studies have identified microRNAs (miRNAs) in Ae. albopictus, it is crucial to extend and improve current annotations with the newly improved genome assembly, and the increase number of small RNA-sequencing data. We combined our high-depth sequence data and 26 public datasets to re-annotate Ae. albopictus miRNAs, and found a total of 110 novel mature miRNAs. We discovered that the expression of novel miRNAs was lower than known miRNAs. Furthermore, compared to known miRNAs, novel miRNAs are prone to be expressed in stage-specific manner. Upon DENV infection, a total of 59 novel miRNAs were differentially expressed, and target prediction analysis revealed that miRNA-target genes were involved in lipid metabolism and protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum. Taken together, miRNA annotation profile provided here is the most comprehensive to date, and we believed that this will facilitate future research in understanding virushost interactions particularly on the role of miRNAs. during virus infection, and at diapause condition (Avila-Bonilla et al., 2017;Batz et al., 2017;Liu et al., 2015;Su et al., 2019Su et al., , 2017. These studies suggest the involvement of miRNAs in the regulation of Ae. albopictus development and virus infection.High quality genome coupled with high-depth RNA-sequencing data are important for accurate and comprehensive annotation of coding and non-coding genes. Alignment of small RNA reads to the reference genome is an essential step to annotate miRNAs in a species. Several studies used genome of closely related species as proxy reference to facilitate the miRNA expression analysis (Etebari et al.,

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“…The activation of the JAK-STAT pathway does not favor per se resistance to ZIKV or CHIKV but does indeed do so in relation to DENV [89]. When combined with the Toll pathway, the JAK-STAT pathway enhances resistance to ZIKV in A. aegypti [90]. …”

Section: The Immune Response In a Aegyptimentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Basis for Arbovirus Transmission by <b><i>Aedes aegypti</i></b> Mosquitoes

et al. 2018

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Mosquitoes are considered the most important vectors for the transmission of pathogens to humans. Aedes aegypti is a unique species, not only by its highly anthropophilic and peridomestic habits but also because it can transmit an important variety of pathogenic viruses. Examples are dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, Zika, and Mayaro viruses. After ingesting viremic blood, a wide range of mechanisms are activated in the mosquito to counteract viral infection. Nevertheless, these arboviruses possess strategies to overcome barriers in the mosquito and eventually reach the salivary glands to continue the transmission cycle. However, the infection and eventual transmission of arbovirus depends on multiple factors. The current review focuses in detail on the anatomic, physiological, and molecular characteristics of the mosquito A. aegypti that participate in response to a viral infection. In the past decades, the awareness of the importance of this mosquito as a disease vector and its impact on human health was largely recognized. We need to improve our comprehension of molecular mechanisms that determine the outcome of successful virus replication or control of infection for each arbovirus in the vector; this could lead to the design of effective control strategies in the future.

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Aedes aegypti Molecular Responses to Zika Virus: Modulation of Infection by the Toll and Jak/Stat Immune Pathways and Virus Host Factors

Cited by 111 publications

References 73 publications

JAK/STAT signaling in insect innate immunity

JAK/STAT signaling in insect innate immunity

Revised annotation and characterization of novelAedes albopictusmiRNAs and their potential functions in dengue virus infection

Molecular Basis for Arbovirus Transmission by <b><i>Aedes aegypti</i></b> Mosquitoes

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