“…In addition, numerous studies in the fields of TESOL and applied linguistics have scrutinized the relationship of late 20th and early 21st century global capitalism to language policies and practices (e.g., Block & Cameron, 2002; Flores, 2013; Kramsch, 2014). With this history in mind, recent scholarship (e.g., Motha, 2014; Poteau & Winkle, 2021; Verma & Apple, 2021) has articulated the importance of confronting social, racial, and linguistic injustice in the classroom and finding ways for language educators to push back against a system that still privileges “standard” British or American English, while at the same time acknowledging that TESOL is a clear beneficiary of this system. Some, like Canagarajah (2013) and De Costa and Jou (2016), have proposed dialogical cosmopolitanism , a process of connecting to those from different backgrounds through collaboration and mutual respect, as one way to reduce these inequities by making negotiation and acceptance of linguistic hybridity central to contact between users of any language.…”