Advising Women Undergoing Treatment for Breast Cancer: A Narrative Review

Long‐Term Effects of Breast Cancer Surgery, Treatment, and Survivor Care

“…Use of complex decongestive therapy with moderate intensity exercise resulted in significant differences in muscular strength, arm movement, and quality of life, without any increased risk for lymphedema . Complex decongestive therapy is provided by a certified lymphedema specialist and includes manual lymph drainage by gentle massage, compression via garment or compression bandages, exercises to enhance lymphatic pumping, and careful skin care . It can also be adapted to home programs, demonstrating benefits including reduction in pain levels …”

“…Moderate caffeine consumption is not harmful and might even decrease cancer recurrence in women who are also on tamoxifen . Green tea is associated with decreased risk of recurrence in women with early (stage 1 or 2) breast cancer …”

“…However, care must be taken, as some complementary medicines are contraindicated for women with a history of breast cancer or could result in problematic drug interactions. For instance, omega 3 fatty acids can interact with certain types of chemotherapy, increasing drug resistance . Antioxidants can worsen recurrence and mortality in some cancers if given during radiation therapy .…”

“…A careful history of the woman's use of herbs, supplements, and alternative medications must be taken. Referral to an expert in complementary medicine should be done if a woman chooses to pursue these options . See Appendix for complementary and alternative medicine resources.…”

“…Bone loss is greater than normal for age in women after breast cancer treatment, so calcium 1200 mg and vitamin D 1000 mg daily are recommended for all women past age 50 . One study also found an association between vitamin D supplements and a decreased risk of cancer recurrence in women with estrogen receptor‐positive breast cancer …”