Adverse Socioeconomic Conditions and Oocyst-Related Factors Are Associated with Congenital Toxoplasmosis in a Population-Based Study in Minas Gerais, Brazil

Carellos, Ericka Viana Machado; Andrade, Gláucia Manzan Queiroz de; Vasconcelos-Santos, Daniel Vítor; Januário, José Nélio; Romanelli, Roberta Maia de Castro; Abreu, Mery Natali Silva; Silva, Fabiana Maria da; Loures, Ivy Rosa Coelho; Andrade, Juliana Queiroz de; Caiaffa, Waleska Teixeira

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0088588

Cited by 43 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In this study, contact with soil was significantly associated with anti-T. gondii Abs, highlighting the importance of this route of transmission, as reported in previous studies [29][30][31]. This significant risk factor could be explained by the habit of keeping cats in the Yemeni community, which acts as a potential source for contamination of the soil, and the Yemeni climate, which sustains the infectivity of oocysts.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in Yemen: Factors associated with high seroprevalence

Al-Eryani

Al-Mekhlafi

Al-Shibani

et al. 2016

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Although toxoplasmosis is an important public health problem, there is scarcity of data on the disease available from Yemen. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in health facilities to determine seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Sana'a, the capital city of Yemen. Methodology: A total of 593 pregnant women were included and examined for anti-T. gondii antibodies (Ab) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Bio and socio-demographic data were collected by pre-tested structured questionnaires through face-to-face interviews. Results: The overall seroprevalence of T. gondii was 45.4% (95% confidence interval: 41%-49%). The prevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM was 43.7 (95% CI: 40-%48%) and 9.1% (95% CI: 7%-12%), respectively. About 7.4 (95% CI: 6%-10%) of pregnant women were seropositive for both IgG and IgM Abs. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the following risk factors for toxplasmosis (IgG and/or IgM): age ≥ 25 years (adjusted OR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.44-2.84, p < 0.001), rearing cats in the house (OR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.20-2.55, p = 0.004), and contact with soil (OR: 1.90, 95% CI: 1.32-2.75, p = 0.001). Conclusions: The study reported high seroprevalence among pregnant women in Sana'a, Yemen, with a high proportion of pregnant women having a possibility of acute toxoplasmosis. This highlights the need for including routine screening for T. gondii in pregnant women in the country's antenatal clinics. In addition, health education on the mode of transmission of toxoplasmosis should be provided for pregnant women in Yemen.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in Yemen: Factors associated with high seroprevalence

Al-Eryani

Al-Mekhlafi

Al-Shibani

et al. 2016

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…During congenital infection in humans, severe manifestations can be observed, such as retinochoroiditis and miscarriage [3,4], characterizing an important public health problem in many countries, including Brazil [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IL10, TGF Beta1, and IFN Gamma Modulate Intracellular Signaling Pathways and Cytokine Production to Control Toxoplasma gondii Infection in BeWo Trophoblast Cells1

Barbosa

Lopes-Maria

Gomes

et al. 2015

Biology of Reproduction

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Considering that interleukin 10 (IL10), transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFB1), and interferon gamma (IFNG) are involved in the susceptibility of BeWo trophoblast cells to Toxoplasma gondii infection, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effector mechanisms triggered by these cytokines in the control of T. gondii in BeWo cells. For this purpose, infected/uninfected BeWo cells were treated with IL10, TGFB1 (50 ng/ml), and IFNG (20 or 100 ng/ml) in order to verify the phosphorylation of signal transducers and activators of transcription 1 (STAT1), STAT3, and Smad2, parasite intracellular proliferation, as well as the Th1/Th2/IL17A cytokine production. The treatment of BeWo cells with IL10 and TGFB1 favored T. gondii proliferation, and these findings were associated with STAT3 and Smad2 phosphorylation, respectively (P < 0.05). Also, these cytokine treatments were able to down-modulate TNF alpha (TNFA) and IL6 production (P < 0.05). Low concentration of IFNG was unable to control T. gondii infection but was able to trigger STAT1 phosphorylation and up-regulate IL6 and IL17A production; whereas a high concentration of IFNG was unable to activate STAT1 but down-modulated IL6 and TNFA and increased T. gondii proliferation (P < 0.05). IL10, TGFB1, and IFNG regulate a differential T. gondii proliferation in BeWo cells because they distinctly trigger intracellular signaling pathways and cytokine production, especially IL6 and TNFA. Our data open new windows to understand the mechanisms triggered by IL10, TGFB1, and IFNG at the maternal-fetal interface in the presence of T. gondii, contributing to recognizing the importance of these effector mechanisms involved in the vertical transmission of this parasite.

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“…Importante lembrar que o ultrassom também se presta para o diagnóstico e acompanhamento dos casos de dilatação ventricular. 33 A segunda doença congênita com diagnóstico confirmado mais frequente nesta amostra foi a sífilis prevalência da toxoplasmose congênita é elevada (13 recém-nascidos infectados para cada 10.000 nascidos vivos) 18 e motivou o início do Programa de Controle da Toxoplasmose Congênita em 2013 (PCTC-MG), que inclui a triagem pré-natal universal e neonatal no grupo de risco e tem abrangência estadual. 12 Essa pode ser uma das explicações para o predomínio de crianças com esse diagnóstico no presente estudo.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Cross-sectional study of clinical and laboratorial aspects of congenital infections attended at a reference Center in Belo Horizonte, MG, 2012-2014

Romanelli¹,

Carellos²,

Lima³

et al. 2016

Revista Médica De Minas Gerais

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Introdução: as infecções congênitas são resultantes da transmissão vertical de microrganismos de gestantes infectadas para seus conceptos. Apesar dessas infecções, em geral, cursarem com pouca ou nenhuma manifestação clínica nas gestantes, a infecção fetal pode trazer morbimortalidade perinatal e na infância. Objetivo: identificar a prevalência das infecções congênitas encaminhadas ao Centro de Referência e Treinamento em Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias Orestes Diniz (CTR/DIP Orestes Diniz) e avaliar os métodos laboratoriais usados para o diagnóstico. Métodos: estudo transversal realizado em ambulatório de referência em doenças infecciosas, a partir de coleta de dados de prontuários de crianças com diagnóstico suspeito de infecção congênita. A confirmação diagnóstica baseou-se em testes sorológicos ou de biologia molecular, além de descrição de sintomatologia da criança. Resultados: um total de 513 crianças foram identificadas, sendo que 41,3% tiveram o diagnóstico confirmado, a maioria foi de toxoplasmose (45,35%) e sífilis (15,98%). Entre as crianças com diagnóstico confirmado, 28,85% apresentaram manifestações clínicas, enquanto que no grupo com diagnóstico indeterminado ou suspeito o percentual foi de 16,38%. As principais manifestações identificadas foram acometimento do sistema nervoso central (n=39) e alterações visuais (n=30). Conclusão: a confirmação de infecção foi definida em aproximadamente metade dos pacientes avaliados e a maioria das crianças foi assintomática ao nascimento. O pré-natal de qualidade e a propedêutica e tratamento precoce das crianças identificadas podem reduzir o impacto dessas infecções no nosso meio.

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Adverse Socioeconomic Conditions and Oocyst-Related Factors Are Associated with Congenital Toxoplasmosis in a Population-Based Study in Minas Gerais, Brazil

Cited by 43 publications

References 22 publications

Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in Yemen: Factors associated with high seroprevalence

Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in Yemen: Factors associated with high seroprevalence

IL10, TGF Beta1, and IFN Gamma Modulate Intracellular Signaling Pathways and Cytokine Production to Control Toxoplasma gondii Infection in BeWo Trophoblast Cells1

Cross-sectional study of clinical and laboratorial aspects of congenital infections attended at a reference Center in Belo Horizonte, MG, 2012-2014

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