Abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study aimed to characterize and estimate the frequency of adverse reactions to antituberculosis drugs in the population treated at the Centro de Saúde Escola Germano Sinval Faria, a primary health care clinic in Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro City, and to explore the relationship between adverse drug reactions and some of the patients' demographic and health characteristics.METHODS:This descriptive study was conducted via patient record review of incident cases between 2004 and 2008.RESULTS:Of the … Show more
“…Ramanath et al, reported similar findings with most (92.97%) ADRs showing a possible causal relationship. 21 Similar results have been reported by Damasceno et al 22 Present study had three certain/definite (5.30%) cases in which re-challenge was done and offending drug was found to be pyrazinamide. A study conducted by Verma et al, categorised 9.8% of the cases as definite/severe.…”
Background: Treatment of tuberculosis involves giving multiple drugs to the patient which is done to prevent development of resistance besides targeting all bacterial sub-populations. The objective of the present study was to find out the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of the first line anti-tubercular drugs and to calculate prevalence and causality of these drugs.Methods: The study was conducted by the Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College, Srinagar in association with the department of Chest medicine. All patients of tuberculosis on directly observed treatment-short course (DOTS) of either sex or age group were enrolled. An assessment of the causality and allocation of ADRs was done using Naranjo’s monitoring scale and WHO-UMC scale.Results: A total of 57 ADRs with 13 different types were observed in 164 patients, with an overall prevalence of about 34.7%. Thirty seven (64.9%) ADRs were categorized as having a ‘probable’ causal relationship while 17 (29.8%) was categorized as ‘possible’ as per the Naranjo’s scale. As per the WHO-UMC monitoring scale fifty two (91.2%) were categorized as ‘possible’ while three (5.3%) were categorized as ‘certain’.Conclusions: Occurrence of ADRs generally results in non-adherance. Timely detection of ADRs through an effective pharmacovigilance programme is the need of hour. The establishment of an active pharmacovigilance centre which was set up in our institution has paved the way to improve the quality of patient care by ensuring safer use of drugs and has helped us to identify and report the various ADR’s encountered.
“…Ramanath et al, reported similar findings with most (92.97%) ADRs showing a possible causal relationship. 21 Similar results have been reported by Damasceno et al 22 Present study had three certain/definite (5.30%) cases in which re-challenge was done and offending drug was found to be pyrazinamide. A study conducted by Verma et al, categorised 9.8% of the cases as definite/severe.…”
Background: Treatment of tuberculosis involves giving multiple drugs to the patient which is done to prevent development of resistance besides targeting all bacterial sub-populations. The objective of the present study was to find out the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of the first line anti-tubercular drugs and to calculate prevalence and causality of these drugs.Methods: The study was conducted by the Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College, Srinagar in association with the department of Chest medicine. All patients of tuberculosis on directly observed treatment-short course (DOTS) of either sex or age group were enrolled. An assessment of the causality and allocation of ADRs was done using Naranjo’s monitoring scale and WHO-UMC scale.Results: A total of 57 ADRs with 13 different types were observed in 164 patients, with an overall prevalence of about 34.7%. Thirty seven (64.9%) ADRs were categorized as having a ‘probable’ causal relationship while 17 (29.8%) was categorized as ‘possible’ as per the Naranjo’s scale. As per the WHO-UMC monitoring scale fifty two (91.2%) were categorized as ‘possible’ while three (5.3%) were categorized as ‘certain’.Conclusions: Occurrence of ADRs generally results in non-adherance. Timely detection of ADRs through an effective pharmacovigilance programme is the need of hour. The establishment of an active pharmacovigilance centre which was set up in our institution has paved the way to improve the quality of patient care by ensuring safer use of drugs and has helped us to identify and report the various ADR’s encountered.
“…Previous reports of some notable adverse drug reactions include weight increase and hepatotoxicity [29] , [45] , reproductive toxicity [29] , exanthema, hematological [46] among others when RIPE is used either as the sole agent or together. In fact, antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity has been reviewed [47] .…”
The reproductive toxicity of combined fixed-dose first-line antituberculosis (CFDAT) regimen was assessed in rats. Thirty-two (32) Wistar rats weighing 168.1 ± 8.0 g were divided into four groups of eight rats per group. Two groups of male and female rats were administered oral distilled water (1.6 ml) and CFDAT drugs containing rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol (RIPE, 92.5 mg/m2 per body surface area) respectively for forty-five days. Serum follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing and testosterone were reduced significantly (p < 0.05) in the treated male rats. Similarly, sperm count levels were decreased by 27.3% when compared with control. RIPE elevated serum oestrogen (p < 0.05), progesterone (p < 0.05) as well as prolactin (p > 0.05) levels in the treated females. In addition, RIPE reduced (p < 0.05) total proteins levels and increased (p < 0.05, 53%) catalase levels in male but not female animals. Superoxide dismutase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, reduced glutathione levels as well as lipid peroxidation were unaltered in all rats respectively. Histopathological studies revealed congested peritesticular vessels and no changes in the ovary when compared with control. Overall, our results demonstrate reproductive toxicity potentials of RIPE in the rat, thus, suggesting that these reproductive parameters be monitored during antituberculous chemotherapy.
“…Another point that can lead to abandonment, and consequently drug-resistance, is the adverse effects that medication brings. In Rio de Janeiro it was possible to find side effects in 22.2% of the people from 0-19 years old (39) .…”
Section: Clinical and Epidemiological Features Of Tuberculosis In Chimentioning
Objective: To analyze the clinical and epidemiological features of tuberculosis in children and adolescents in an infectious diseases reference hospital. Method: A documental and retrospective study was carried out with 88 medical files in an infectious diseases reference hospital in the state of Ceará. Data were analyzed by univariate, bivariate and multivariate approaches. Results: It was found that, depending on the tuberculosis type, its manifestations may vary. The logistic regression model considered only pulmonary tuberculosis due to a number of observations and included female sex (95% CI: 1.4-16.3), weight loss (95% CI: 1.8-26.3), bacilloscopic screening (95% CI: 1.5-16.6) and sputum collected (95% CI: 1.4-19.4) as possible predictors. Conclusions: Children and adolescents present different manifestations of the disease depending on the tuberculosis type that affects them. Knowing the most common features of each condition could enhance early diagnosis and, consequently, result in adequate treatment and care.
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