Adverse pregnancy outcomes in a population exposed to the emissions of a municipal waste incinerator

Determinants of serum cadmium levels in a Northern Italy community: A cross-sectional study

“…In fact, average Cd levels characterizing outdoor air Cd levels in the Modena province were low (0.23 ng/m 3 in 2011, according to the air monitoring stations (ARPA, 2015)), far below the Italian and European Union Cd standard in particulate matter of 5 ng/m 3 (50/ 2008/EC; Dlgs 155/2010). We also examined the potential influence on Cd exposure of emissions from the municipal solid waste incinerator, but we found only two subjects residing in the area influenced by that source (Vinceti et al, 2008), however having low serum Cd levels, i.e. below the median value (36.9 and 18.5 ng/ L).…”

Exposure to emissions from municipal solid waste incinerators and miscarriages: A multisite study of the MONITER Project

“…More recent literature shows that distance is a weak proxy for exposure, which can be much better determined through a dispersion model (Cordioli et al, 2013;Ashworth et al, 2013). The two Italian studies (Enhance Health, 2007;Vinceti et al, 2008) evaluated the occurrence of miscarriages as the rate measured in women of childbearing age. This measure can obviously be affected by different attitudes towards childbearing in different groups of people, relating to age, culture, income, and religious belief.…”

“…The study showed no excess of miscarriage or of the other outcomes within 2 km from the incinerator. Vinceti et al (2008) did not detect an increased risk of miscarriages in a population of women aged 16-49 years residing or working near the incinerator of Modena, a northern Italian city in the Emilia-Romagna Region, during the period [2003][2004][2005][2006]. Finally, the project Enhance Health, evaluating the health status of a population living near the incinerator of Coriano (Forlì), another site in the Emilia-Romagna Region (Enhance Health, 2007) revealed no risk excess of miscarriage in the period 1998-2003 among women of childbearing age.…”

Comparative Assessment of Particulate Air Pollution Exposure from Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Emissions

“…Some studies have included additional information alongside proximity to strengthen this method, including wind patterns, soil concentrations [18], local topography, and complaints of nuisance caused by the plumes [24]. Only a limited number of more recent studies have used dispersion models [8, 12, 13, 17, 23] to assess exposures. As far as the authors are aware, no existing studies on incinerators have compared these two exposure assessment methods and quantified the extent of exposure misclassification between the two.…”