Adverse health effects of outdoor air pollutants

Curtis, Luke; Rea, William J.; Smith-Willis, Patricia; Fenyves, E.; Pan, Yaqin

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2006.03.012

Cited by 473 publications

(262 citation statements)

References 192 publications

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“…Urban aerosols do not only have impacts on local air quality, but they also have large spatial effects because they are likely transported over large distances where they affect the air quality and the climate. Furthermore, exposure to air pollution might lead to serious health effects (e.g., Samet et al, 2000;Pope et al, 2002;Curtis et al, 2006). As stated by the WHO, the health effects of urban aerosols are usually assessed by monitoring exposure to certain particulate matter classes (such as PM 10 and PM 2.5 ) in addition to some gaseous pollutants (such as carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile Aerosol Measurement in the Eastern Mediterranean - A Utilization of Portable Instruments

Hussein

Boor

Santos

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Air pollution research and reports have been limited in the Middle East, especially in Jordan with respect to aerosol particle number concentrations. In this study, we utilized a simple "mobile setup" to measure, for the first time, the spatial variation of aerosol concentrations in Eastern Mediterranean. The mobile setup consisted of portable aerosol instruments to measure particle number concentrations (cut off sizes 0.01, 0.02, 0.3, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, and 10 µm), particle mass concentrations (PM 1 , PM 2.5 , and PM 10 ), and black carbon concentration all situated on the back seat of a sedan car. The car was driven with open windows to ensure sufficient cabin air ventilation for reliable outdoor aerosol sampling. Although the measurement campaign was two days long, but it provided preliminary information about aerosols concentrations over a large spatial scale that covered more than three quarters of Jordan. We should keep in mind that the presented concentrations reflect on road conditions. The submicron particle concentrations were the highest in the urban locations (e.g., Amman and Zarqa) and inside cities with heavy duty vehicles activities (e.g., Azraq). The highest micron particle concentrations were observed in the southern part of the country and in places close to the desert area (e.g., Wadi Rum and Wadi Araba). The average submicron concentration was 4.9 × 10 3 -120 × 10 3 cm -3 (5.7-86.7 µg m -3 ) whereas the average micron particle concentration was 1-11 cm -3 (8-150 µg m -3 , assume ρ p = 1 g cm -3 ). The main road passing through Jafr in the eastern part of Jordan exhibited submicron concentration as low as 800 cm -3 . The PM 10 concentration consisted of about 40-75% as PM 1 . The black carbon (BC) concentration variation was in good agreement with the PM 1 as well as the submicron particle number concentration.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile Aerosol Measurement in the Eastern Mediterranean - A Utilization of Portable Instruments

Hussein

Boor

Santos

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…Indirectly, aerosol affects cloud formation and evolution, leading to changes of cloud albedo, lifetime, and rainfall (Twomey 1974;Albrecht 1989;Pincus and Baker 1994). At ground level, high aerosol loadings have been shown to negatively impact the human respiratory system (Keeler et al 2005;Curtis et al 2006). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A High-Sensitivity Low-Cost Optical Particle Counter Design

Gao

Perring

Thornberry

et al. 2013

Aerosol Science and Technology

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We report the design of a small optical particle counter with high sensitivity and low construction cost for atmospheric aerosol measurements. Particle sensing is based on the detection of the forward scattering of laser light. The separation of the laser beam and scattered light is achieved with a novel yet simple optical system. A laboratory prototype system with a 405-nm laser and photomultiplier tube detector has successfully detected polystyrene latex particles as small as 125 nm in diameter with unit efficiency. Theoretical calculations suggest that a lower detectable size limit of 100 nm can be achieved with reduction of background scattered light. The new counter will be useful in a variety of ground-based as well as small balloon-borne applications such as vertical profiling and in situ measurement of particles from explosive volcanic eruptions.

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“…The results suggest that fuzzy logic is a suitable tool for air quality assessment (Sowlat et al 2011). Curtis et al (2006) pointed that atmospheric pollutants linked too many types of health problems of many body systems including the respiratory, cardiovascular, immunological, haematological, neurological and reproductive/developmental systems. On the other hand, Barnett et al (2006) determined that higher airborne levels of PM 10 , PM 2.5 , NO 2 and SO 2 were all associated with significantly higher rates of childhood hospital admissions for pneumonia and acute bronchitis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling sulphur dioxide levels of Konya city using artificial intelligent related to ozone, nitrogen dioxide and meteorological factors

Dursun

Kunt

Taylan

2015

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Increasing industrial developments increased the environmental pollution problems in many cities of the world. Air quality modelling and indexes are used to introduce the information on local air quality indicators in polluted regions. Estimation and monitoring of air quality in the city centres are important due to environmental health and comfort of human-related topics. Air quality approximation is a complicate subject that artificial intelligent techniques are successfully used for modelling the complicated and nonlinear approximation problems. In present study, artificial neural network and an adaptive neuro-fuzzy logic method developed to approximate the impact of certain environmental conditions on air quality and sulphur dioxide pollution level and used with this study in Konya city centre. Data of sulphur dioxide concentrations were collected from 15 selected points of Konya city for prediction of air quality. Using air quality standards, air quality was discussed by considering the sulphur dioxide concentration as independent variables with meteorological parameters. Different meteorological parameters were used for investigation of pollution relation. One of the important modelling tools, adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system model, was used to assess performance by a number of checking data collected from different sampling stations in Konya. The outcomes of adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system model was evaluated by fuzzy quality charts and compared to the results obtained from Turkey and Environmental Protection Agency air quality standards. From the present results, fuzzy rule-based adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system model is a valuable tool prediction and assessment of air quality and tends to propagate accurate results.

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Adverse health effects of outdoor air pollutants

Cited by 473 publications

References 192 publications

Mobile Aerosol Measurement in the Eastern Mediterranean - A Utilization of Portable Instruments

Mobile Aerosol Measurement in the Eastern Mediterranean - A Utilization of Portable Instruments

A High-Sensitivity Low-Cost Optical Particle Counter Design

Modelling sulphur dioxide levels of Konya city using artificial intelligent related to ozone, nitrogen dioxide and meteorological factors

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