2010
DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2010.02.001
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Adverse health effects of anabolic–androgenic steroids

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Cited by 233 publications
(189 citation statements)
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“…The use of AAS is not a new issue for the sport, and the collective term steroid is officially used to denote illegitimate performance enhancement substances and methods among professional and amateur bodybuilders. AAS is mostly taken by athletes and adolescents to enhance performance and physical appearance (Tahtamouni et al, 2008;Amsterdam et al, 2010). The AAS are synthetic substances related to the male sex hormones which influence the growth of skeletal muscles and the development of male sexual characteristics (Lundholm et al, 2010).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The use of AAS is not a new issue for the sport, and the collective term steroid is officially used to denote illegitimate performance enhancement substances and methods among professional and amateur bodybuilders. AAS is mostly taken by athletes and adolescents to enhance performance and physical appearance (Tahtamouni et al, 2008;Amsterdam et al, 2010). The AAS are synthetic substances related to the male sex hormones which influence the growth of skeletal muscles and the development of male sexual characteristics (Lundholm et al, 2010).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Moreover, it is said that the usage of steroids is not only found among bodybuilders who want to gain an advantage, but also among the public whose lifestyle purpose involves using doping substances. AAS violates sports ethics and may have serious implications for the physical and mental health of the bodybuilders, including cardiovascular conditions, renal complications, rhabdomyolysis, infectious complications from the injection technique used in self administration, tendon and ligament ruptures, thyroidal impairment, azoospermia, major mood disturbances and even increased premature mortality (Amsterdam et al, 2010;Tahtamouni et al, 2008).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Comparado a outras drogas de abuso, os anabolizantes não são fortemente euforizantes (Amsterdam et al, 2010) e não são utilizados para alcançar um efeito imediato de intoxicação aguda, mas normalmente são consumidos em ciclos, para a obtenção de uma recompensa posterior de aumento da musculatura (Kanayama, Brower, Wood, Hudson, & Pope, 2009). Mesmo assim, tanto os efeitos de bem-estar como os disfóricos de retirada podem contribuir para um quadro de síndrome de dependência (Amsterdam et al, 2010;Kanayama et al, 2009).…”
Section: Classe 1: Conceitos De Anabolizantes (393%)unclassified
“…Sabe-se que, embora haja esteroides de uso exclusivo veterinário (Ferrão & Bressan, 2006), também há aqueles autorizados para o uso humano, desde que, com a fi nalidade clí-nica, como para o tratamento de doenças como o câncer, osteoporose e até patologias descobertas na puberdade e relacionadas ao desenvolvimento (Amsterdam et al, 2010;Martins et al, 2005;F. L. Rocha et al, 2007).…”
Section: Classe 3: Prejuízos Derivados Dos Anabolizantes (416%)unclassified
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