Adverse Hair Reactions to New Targeted Therapies for Cancer

Background Mucocutaneous adverse events are common during anticancer treatment, with variable consequences for the patient and their therapeutic regimen. Objective To evaluate the most common adverse events, as well as the drugs associated with their appearance and the consequences for cancer treatment. Methods A retrospective study was carried out through the analysis of patients treated at the Clinical Dermatology Unit of a public oncologic hospital. Results A total of 138 patients with 200 adverse events were evaluated. The most commonly identified adverse events were nail and periungual changes (20%), papulopustular eruptions (13%), acneiform eruptions (12%), hand-foot syndrome (6.5%), hand-foot skin reaction (6%), and xerosis (6%). The most frequently associated antineoplastic treatment groups were classical chemotherapy (46.2%), target therapy (32.3%), and other non-antineoplastic drugs used in neoplasia protocols (16.5%). Of the total number of patients, 17.4% had their treatment suspended or changed due to a dermatological adverse event. Study limitations Retrospective study and analysis of patients who were referred for specialized dermatological examination only, not allowing the assessment of the actual incidence of adverse events. Conclusion A wide variety of dermatological manifestations are secondary to antineoplastic treatment with several different drugs resulting, not rarely, in the interruption or modification of therapeutic regimens.

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“…These include manifestations such as alopecia and changes in hair growth rate, thickness, shape, and, more rarely, hair shaft pigmentation. 18 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous adverse events to systemic antineoplastic therapies: a retrospective study in a public oncologic hospital

Ceglio

Rebeis

Santana

et al. 2022

Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia

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“…Interestingly, a phase 2 study evaluating bevacizumab monotherapy in patients with angiosarcoma reported a ≈10% incidence of alopecia, although this molecule is classically considered as not causative of alopecia [ 36 ]. With the “multi-targeted” protein kinase inhibitors sorafenib and regorafenib, the risk of alopecia should be considered, since frequencies of 25–30% have been reported [ 14 , 37 ]. Concerning emerging PARP inhibitors, no specific TIA has been reported to date [ 10 ].…”

Section: Cancer-related Alopecia: Mechanisms and Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer-Related Alopecia: From Etiologies to Global Management

Quesada

Guichard²,

Fiteni

2021

Cancers

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Alopecia represents a multifaceted challenge with distinct etiologies and consequences. Transposed to the world of oncology, different types of alopecia and molecular pathways have been characterized, allowing a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms. In patients with cancer, alopecia can be iatrogenic (i.e., due to conventional chemotherapies, endocrine therapies, targeted therapies, immunotherapies, radiotherapy and surgery) or a direct consequence of the disease itself (e.g., malnutrition, scalp metastases and paraneoplastic syndromes). Identification of the actual incriminated mechanism(s) is therefore essential in order to deliver appropriate supportive care, whether preventive or curative. On the preventive side, the last few years have seen the advent of the automated cooling cap, a prophylactic approach supported by several randomized clinical trials. On the curative side, although the treatments currently available are limited, several promising therapeutic approaches are under development. Appropriate alopecia management is essential, particularly regarding its psychological repercussions with significant consequences on the quality of life of patients and their family and with a potential impact on treatment compliance.

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“…204,[226][227][228][229] SCARs associated with imatinib include case reports of AGEP, 230,231 SJS with or without reappearance after rechallenge, [232][233][234][235] and TEN following bone marrow transplantation. 236,[237][238][239][240][241][242] Imatinib associated porphyria cutanea tarda, 243,244 pseudoporphyria, [245][246][247][248] and CEP 249,250 have been infrequently reported. Table 1 lists in detail the types of dermatologic toxicities associated with BCR-ABL inhibitors.…”

Section: Cdk4/6 Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diverse landscape of dermatologic toxicities from small‐molecule inhibitor cancer therapy

et al. 2021

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Background: Advances in molecular biology and genetics have contributed to breakthrough treatments directed at specific pathways associated with the development of cancer. Small-molecule inhibitors (Nibs) aimed at a variety of cellular pathways have been efficacious; however, they are associated with significant dermatologic toxicities. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive review of dermatologic toxicities associated with Nibs categorized into the following five groups: (a) mitogen-activated protein kinase; (b) growth factor/multi-tyrosine kinase; (c) cell division/DNA repair; (d) signaling associated with myeloproliferative neoplasms; and (e) other signaling pathways. Prospective phase I, II, or III clinical trials, retrospective literature reviews, systematic reviews/meta-analyses, and case reviews/reports were included for analysis.Results: Dermatologic toxicities reviewed were associated with every class of Nibs and ranged from mild to severe or life-threatening adverse skin reactions.Inflammatory reactions manifesting as maculopapular, papulopustular/acneiform, and eczematous lesions were frequent types of dermatologic toxicities seen with Nibs.Squamous cell carcinoma with keratoacanthoma-like features was associated with a subset of Nibs. Substantial overlap in dermatologic toxicities was found between Nibs.Conclusions: Dermatologic toxicities from Nibs are diverse and may overlap between classes of Nibs. Recognition of the various types of toxicities from Nibs is critical for patient care in the era of "oncodermatology/dermatopathology."

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Adverse Hair Reactions to New Targeted Therapies for Cancer

Cited by 7 publications

References 94 publications

Cutaneous adverse events to systemic antineoplastic therapies: a retrospective study in a public oncologic hospital

Cutaneous adverse events to systemic antineoplastic therapies: a retrospective study in a public oncologic hospital

Cancer-Related Alopecia: From Etiologies to Global Management

Diverse landscape of dermatologic toxicities from small‐molecule inhibitor cancer therapy

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