Adverse events following immunization: Findings from 2017/2018 measles vaccination campaign, Nigeria AEFI reporting in 2017/2018 measles vaccination campaign

Gbenewei, Ene; Nomhwange, Terna; Taiwo, Lydia; Isiaka, Ayodeji; Yusuf, Kabir; Baptiste, Anne Eudes Jean; Nsubuga, Peter; Braka, Fiona; Oteri, Joseph; Shuaib, Faisal

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.02.067

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…It is therefore important to conduct causality assessment of AEFI to help immunisation programs to make evidence based decisions and to respond effectively to vaccine safety concerns (18,19). The sudden respiratory failure was categorized as an immunisation error (A3).Our ndings contrasts those found in the Nigerian study which found out that 50% of the serious AEFIs were vaccine product related reactions-A1 (13). Another study conducted in Georgia in 2008 found that 63.3% of the AEFI perceived as serious following measles-rubella immunisation campaign were likely related to vaccination (20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Lower rates of AEFI reporting from districts have been noted from other countries. A study done in Nigeria showed that 19% of the states that participated in the 2017/18 Measles vaccination campaign had no AEFI report (13). This is in stark contrast to a study done in Zhejiang Province, China which showed higher AEFI reporting rates across all municipalities ranging from 30.5 per 100,000 in Quzhou to the lowest reporting Huzhou at 3.0 per 100,000 doses (14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

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Low reporting of adverse events following immunization, during a Measles-Rubella catchup and Polio mass vaccination campaign in Uganda; 2019

Nsubuga¹,

Alfred²,

Gyasi

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background Vaccine safety surveillance is increasingly becoming a critical area in national immunisation programs. Uganda conducted a Measles-Rubella catch-up and Polio mass vaccination campaign between 16 and 20 October 2019. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the adverse events following immunisation reported following this campaign to inform policy updates. The target age-group for the campaign was children aged 9 months to 14 completed years, while the target age-group for polio campaign was 0-59 months. We conducted active search for the serious adverse event following immunisation that were reported. Results Among the 19,241,348 persons vaccinated during the Measles-Rubella catch-up and Polio mass campaign, 10,612,278 (55%) received MR vaccine alone; while 8,629,070 (45%) received either bivalent oral polio vaccine (bOPV) alone or MR and bOPV for children 9 to 59 months. The mean age of the children was 8.3 years, range 0.5-14years, including 68 (47%) boys, 64 (44%) girls and 13 (9%) missing sex classification. The serious adverse events following immunisation (AEFI) included; toxic epidermal necrolysis 3 (2.1%), Steven Johnson syndrome 2 (1.4%), severe anemia 2 (1.4%), febrile illness 1 (0.7%), sudden respiratory failure 1 (0.7%), bullous impetigo 1 (0.7%) and injection abscess 19 (13%). Conclusion AEFI reporting in Uganda is low, and concerted efforts need to be undertaken to create community awareness about the importance of reporting. Additionally, the health care systems should be strengthened to efficiently investigate all potential signals that led to quality causality assessment of serious and other AEFI of public health concern so as to provide correct information to the community and prevent false association of vaccines and or vaccination to incorrect signals, and build a resilient immunisation program that is trusted by the community.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Low reporting of adverse events following immunization, during a Measles-Rubella catchup and Polio mass vaccination campaign in Uganda; 2019

Nsubuga¹,

Alfred²,

Gyasi

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…In the 2017/18 measles vaccination campaign, Kebbi State reported the highest incidence of suspected AEFI, 101.3/100,000 population, compared with other States [ 14 ]. However, the AEFI report from RI was suboptimal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and experience of adverse event following immunization (AEFI) and its consequences among healthcare providers in Kebbi State, Nigeria: a qualitative study

Omoleke

Getachew

Isyaku³

et al. 2022

BMC Health Serv Res

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Background Vaccines used in the national immunization program are relatively safe and effective. However, no vaccine is perfectly safe. Therefore, adverse reactions may occur. This study aimed to investigate the understanding and experience of Adverse Event Following Immunization (AEFI) among healthcare workers and Routine Immunization (RI) officers. Methods Phenomenological qualitative study was conducted between June and September 2019, using a semi-structured question guide in Kebbi State, Northwest Nigeria. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 12 RI providers, eight Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) officers, and eight Disease Surveillance and Notification Officers. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. The interviews were transcribed and translated, then manually analyzed thematically. Results The knowledge level of healthcare providers on AEFI definition and classification varied and was suboptimal. Error during vaccination was the study participants' most frequently mentioned possible cause of AEFI. Persistent crying, fever, fainting, and swelling and tenderness at injection sites were the AEFI experienced by the healthcare providers in their careers. Block rejection, lower immunization uptake, loss of confidence in RI, attack on RI providers, discrimination of RI providers and divorce threats among spouses were the consequences of AEFI. Supportive supervision of the RI sessions, refresher training on safe injection for RI providers, and symptomatic treatment of clients with AEFI would prevent AEFI consequences. Also, educating caregivers, community sensitization, and dialogue would minimize the consequences of AEFI. Conclusions Evidence of a sub-optimal understanding of AEFI was established in this study. Hence, policymakers should consider regular refresher training on AEFI to ensure all RI providers have an optimal understanding of AEFI. Health education of caregivers and parents during RI sessions and community engagement should be considered to minimise AEFI consequences on the immunization program and the society.

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“…Fever is the most frequently reported symptom of AEFI in various study centers. 8,[11][12][13] Vaccine Adverse Effects Reporting system (VAERS)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profile of Serious and Non-Serious Adverse Effects Following Immunization (AEFI) of Measles Rubella Vaccine

Carrina Nenggar Dewanti,

Dominicus Husada,

Ismoedijanto

2021

IJPHRD

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Background: The measles rubella immunization campaign conducted in 2017 on the island of Java has replaced the previous measles immunization, and its administration is carried out at 9-12 months of age and 18 months of age. As a new vaccine, the administration of MR vaccine cannot be separated from AEFI. Objective: We aimed to study the AEFI profile of MR vaccine administration by passive surveillance from the first campaign of MR vaccine in East Java Province. Methods: Our study was a retrospective observational study (surveillance survey). The research was conducted from January - April 2021. Children who received the first dose of the MR vaccine in the MR campaign at all age were enrolled in the study. We divide the group of serious and non-serious AEFI. The sample were collected using randomized sampling method. A questionnaire was used to collect the demographic details of the children and the characteristic of the AEFI’s symptoms. Results: The total sample is 43 children with serious AEFI, consisted of 22 (51.2%) males and 21 (48.8%) females. The most common AEFI reported was fever (76.7%), followed by gastrointestinal symptoms (60%), local reactions (25%), respiratory tract symptoms (23.2%), central nervous system symptoms (11.6%), and rash (6.9%).Conclusion: Fever is the most frequently reported symptom. Most of the AEFI symptoms didn’t had causal relationship with MR vaccine. Thrombocytopenia is known to have a causal relationship as a reaction to the MR vaccine.

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Adverse events following immunization: Findings from 2017/2018 measles vaccination campaign, Nigeria AEFI reporting in 2017/2018 measles vaccination campaign

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

Low reporting of adverse events following immunization, during a Measles-Rubella catchup and Polio mass vaccination campaign in Uganda; 2019

Low reporting of adverse events following immunization, during a Measles-Rubella catchup and Polio mass vaccination campaign in Uganda; 2019

Understanding and experience of adverse event following immunization (AEFI) and its consequences among healthcare providers in Kebbi State, Nigeria: a qualitative study

Profile of Serious and Non-Serious Adverse Effects Following Immunization (AEFI) of Measles Rubella Vaccine

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