Adverse events diagnosed within three days of vaccine administration in dogs

Moore, George E.; Guptill, Lynn; Ward, Michael P.; Glickman, Nita W.; Faunt, Karen K.; Lewis, Hugh B.; Glickman, Lawrence T.

doi:10.2460/javma.2005.227.1102

Cited by 110 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…18,20,51 The rate of adverse effects due to vaccination in dogs of <10 kg is doubled; 51 therefore, not only the type of allergen, but also its relative amount seem to play an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic reactions. Among medium-to large-size breeds, boxers, Labrador retrievers and golden retrievers are more frequently associated with anaphylaxis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triggers, risk factors and clinico‐pathological features of urticaria in dogs – a prospective observational study of 24 cases

Rostaher¹,

Hofer‐Inteeworn

Kümmerle‐Fraune

et al. 2017

Advances in Veterinary Dermatology

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Background -Urticaria and anaphylaxis are frequently encountered in veterinary practice, but little is known about the causes and relative frequencies of these reactions.Hypothesis/Objectives -This study was designed to improve current knowledge on the triggers, risk factors and clinico-pathological features of urticaria.Animals -Twenty four dogs with signs of urticaria with or without anaphylaxis.Methods -The study included dogs with cutaneous immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions. The cases were grouped by clinical severity into either an urticaria or an anaphylaxis group. All treatments and diagnostic tests (haematology, biochemical profile, allergy investigation) were recorded. A causality algorithm for urticaria and anaphylaxis (ALUA) was designed to determine the probability of the identified triggers and cofactors. Disease incidence, breed, age and gender predispositions were evaluated statistically.Results -Sixteen of 24 urticaria cases were associated with anaphylaxis whilst 8 of 24 were confined to the skin. The annual hospital incidence was 0.12%. Females seemed to be over-represented (2.4:1) and most of the dog breeds were pure breed (22 of 24), with Rhodesian ridgeback, boxer, beagle, Jack Russell terrier, French bulldog and Vizslas over-represented. In addition to skin lesions, the most frequently and severely affected organ systems were the gastrointestinal and cardiovascular systems. The predominant blood abnormalities were elevated lipase and alanine aminotransferase values. Insects, food and drugs were the most commonly identified triggers.Conclusions -To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study describing the trigger factors and clinicopathological features of dogs with urticaria in veterinary medicine. Insects, food and drugs were the most frequently detected triggers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triggers, risk factors and clinico‐pathological features of urticaria in dogs – a prospective observational study of 24 cases

Rostaher¹,

Hofer‐Inteeworn

Kümmerle‐Fraune

et al. 2017

Advances in Veterinary Dermatology

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“…To δεύτερο γεγονός ήταν η διαπίστωση του συσχετισμού των εμβολιασμών με πολλές μετεμβολιακές επιπλοκές, η σοβαρότητα των οποίων ποικίλλει από μία ολιγοήμερη και ήπια κατάπτωση, μέχρι την εμφάνιση σαρκωμάτων (γάτα) που μπορεί να οδηγήσουν στο θάνατο του ζώου (Day 2006). Αν και η συχνότητα των μετεμβολιακών επι πλοκών ήταν και παραμένει σχετικά μικρή (Moore et al 2005, Moore et al 2007), εντούτοις, δεν αμφι σβητείται η ανάγκη εξορθολογισμού των εμβολιακών προγραμμάτων, για να μειωθεί το εξατομικευμένο «εμβολιακό φορτίο» και να ελαχιστοποιηθούν οι πιθα νότητες εμφάνισης τους (Day et al 2010a του σκύλου και της γάτας (Paul et al 2006, Richards et al 2006, Day et al 2007, Day et al 2010a, Day et al 2010b. Κεντρική ιδέα των οδηγιών αυτών είναι ο «εμβολιασμός του μεγαλύτερου δυνατού αριθμού ζώων (για την ενίσχυση της «ανοσίας του πληθυσμού»), με τa απαραίτητα μόνο εμβόλια (ώστε να μειωθούν οι μετεμβολιακές επιπλοκές)» (Day et al 2010a), δια τυπώνοντας τις βασικές αρχές που διέπουν τη δια μόρφωση ενός ορθολογικού εμβολιακού προγράμ ματος για το σκύλο και τη γάτα.…”

Section: περιληψηunclassified

“…Ωστόσο, η πιθανότητα εκδήλωσης μετεμβολιακών επιπλοκών (π.χ. ολιγοή μερη κατάπτωση, πυρετός ή/και αναφυλακτική αντί δραση) αυξάνει ανάλογα με τον συνολικό αριθμό των μικροοργανισμών που περιέχει το εμβόλιο (Moore et al 2005, Moore et al 2007). Επιπλέον, υπάρχουν ενδείξεις από μελέτες in vitro ότι τα πολυδύναμα εμβόλια (Strasser et al 2003) ή συγκεκριμένοι συν δυασμοί εμβολίων (π.χ.…”

Section: υπάρχει διαφορά μεταξύ μονοδύναμων και πολυδύ ναμων εμβολίωνunclassified

“…Γενικά, όμως υποστηρίζεται οτι είναι χαμηλή (Edwards et al 2004, Day 2006. Σε πρόσφατες μελέτες που έγιναν στις ΗΠΑ, η συχνότητα τους σε σκύλους που παρακολουθήθηκαν για 3 ημέρες μετά τον εμβολιασμό δεν ξεπέρασε το 0,38% (Moore et al 2005) και το 0,51% σε γάτες που παρακολουθήθηκαν για 30 ημέρες (Moore et al 2007). Η συχνότητα στο Ηνωμένο Βασί λειο είναι μικρότερη, αφού καταγράφηκαν 0.21 και 0.61 περιστατικά ανά 10.000 εμβολιαζόμενους σκύλους και γάτες, αντίστοιχα (Gaskel et al 2002).…”

Section: ερωτήσεις πον αφορούν στις μετεμβολιακές επι πλοκέςunclassified

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New vaccination protocols for the dog and cat: the challenge of today for a better and safer prevention

Mylonakis

Koutinas

Saridomichelakis

et al. 2017

J Hellenic Vet Med Soc

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Vaccinations are an integral part of a comprehensive preventive health care program targeting to minimize the incidence of major canine and feline infectious diseases. Currently, vaccination practices are re-evaluated globally towards a twofold objective: to strengthen "herd immunity", which depends on the percentage of vaccinated animals in a population, and to reduce the "vaccine load" per animal in order to minimize the vaccine-associated adverse reactions. To this end, the updated canine and feline vaccination guidelines, encourage the vaccination of as many animals as possible, while at the same time classify the vaccines into core, non-core and not recommended. Core vaccines should be administered, if possible, to every dog and cat.Canine parvovirus-2, canine adenovirus-2, canine distemper virus, feline parvovirus, feline calicivirus/herpesvirus-1 and rabies vaccines fall into this category. Non-core vaccines are selectively given to dogs and cats after assessing the risk/benefit ratio. There are also vaccines for which there is currently no sufficient scientific evidence to justify their use. Importantly, after the one-year booster inoculation that follows the completion of the initial puppy/kitten vaccination series, core vaccines should be given no more frequently than every three years, as the duration of the protective immunity far exceeds this time interval. This review focuses on the updated canine and feline vaccination guidelines pertaining to the individual animal as well as to those living in groups. Important questions related to vaccination programs and to relevant adverse reactions are also answered. An effort has been made to align these guidelines according to what is considered a "norm" among the small amimal practitioners in Greece.

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“…Then, a double dose of the AgNPs-loaded rabies vaccine was intramuscularly injected, and the animals were monitored at least daily for signs of abnormal local and systemic reactions for 14 days after administration. 25 In addition, the body temperatures were monitored at 0 hour, 4 hours, and 4 days after administration.…”

Section: Safety Test On Agnps-loaded Rabies Vaccine For Veterinary Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Green synthesis and evaluation of silver nanoparticles as adjuvant in rabies veterinary vaccine

Asgary

Shoari

Baghbani-Arani

et al. 2016

IJN

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Background Green synthesis of nanoparticles by plant extracts plays a significant role in different applications. Recently, several studies were conducted on the use of nanoparticles as adjuvant. The main aim of this study was to evaluate green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as adjuvant in rabies veterinary vaccine and compare the results with the existing commercially available alum adjuvant. Materials and methods In the current study, AgNPs were prepared by the reduction of aqueous silver nitrate by leaf extract of Eucalyptus procera . The formation of AgNPs was confirmed by ultraviolet (UV)–visible spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Then, different amounts of AgNPs (200 µg, 400 µg, 600 µg, and 800 µg) were added to 1 mL of inactivated rabies virus. The loaded vaccines (0.5 mL) were injected intraperitoneally into six Naval Medical Research Institute mice in each group on days 1 and 7. On the 15th day, the mice were intracerebrally challenged with 0.03 mL of challenge rabies virus (challenge virus strain-11, 20 lethal dose [20 LD 50 ]), and after the latency period of rabies disease in mice (5 days), the mice were monitored for 21 days. Neutralizing antibodies against rabies virus were also investigated using the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test method. The National Institutes of Health test was performed to determine the potency of optimum concentration of AgNPs as adjuvant. In vitro toxicity of AgNPs was assessed in L929 cell line using MTT assay. In addition, in vivo toxicity of AgNPs and AgNPs-loaded vaccine was investigated according to the European Pharmacopeia 8.0. Results AgNPs were successfully synthesized, and the identity was confirmed by UV–visible spectrophotometry and X-ray diffraction analysis. The prepared AgNPs were spherical in shape, with an average size of 60 nm and a negative zeta potential of −14 mV as determined by dynamic light scattering technique. The highest percentage of viability was observed at 15 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg of AgNPs-loaded vaccine concentrations after injecting into the mice. The calculated potencies for alum-containing vaccine and AgNPs-loaded vaccine (dose 15 mg/kg) were 1.897 and 1.303, respectively. MTT assay demonstrated that alum at the concentration of 10 mg/mL was toxic, but AgNPs were not toxic. The in vivo toxicity also elucidated the safety of AgNPs and AgNPs-loaded vaccine in mice and dogs, respectively. Conclusion In the current study, for the first time, the adjuvanticity effect of green synthesized AgNPs on veterinary rabies vaccine potency with no in vivo toxicity was elucidated according to the European Pharmacopeia 8.0.

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Adverse events diagnosed within three days of vaccine administration in dogs

Abstract: Young adult small-breed neutered dogs that received multiple vaccines per office visit were at greatest risk of a VAAE within 72 hours after vaccination. These factors should be considered in risk assessment and risk communication with clients regarding vaccination.

Cited by 110 publications

References 23 publications

Triggers, risk factors and clinico‐pathological features of urticaria in dogs – a prospective observational study of 24 cases

Triggers, risk factors and clinico‐pathological features of urticaria in dogs – a prospective observational study of 24 cases

New vaccination protocols for the dog and cat: the challenge of today for a better and safer prevention

Green synthesis and evaluation of silver nanoparticles as adjuvant in rabies veterinary vaccine

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