Adverse Effects on Female Human Reproductive Health from Exposure to Endocrine Disruptors: Focus on Endometrial Lesions

Karoutsou, Eftychia; Karoutsos, Petros; Karoutsos, Dimitrios

doi:10.21767/2472-1158.100033

Cited by 5 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The literature revealed that XEs, as active endocrine substances, can interact with estrogen receptors, androgen receptors, or peroxisome proliferative receptors [ 12 ]. By inhibiting or activating these nuclear receptors, XEs can affect circulating hormone levels and disrupt normal endocrine function, thus possibly resulting in metabolic syndrome, reproductive dysfunction, and the occurrence of cancers [ 3 , 4 , 27 , 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Identification and Detection Of Xenoestrogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, then, the Kinase cascades or ER phosphorylation may be signaling information toward the ligand-independent activation. To be more specific, the estrogen ligand is connected to the ERE in which the signal of E2-target genes can be clearly expressed, such as the ER-DNA interaction classical pathway [ 12 ]. However, not all of the ERE would be found in the E2-sensitive gene promoter sequence, implying that the ER modes of action are diverse rather than a simple pathway.…”

Section: Metabolism and Action Of Xenoestrogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The consequences of DDT and DDE have also been found in human bodies; this was in Wolff et al′s findings in the organochlorine article in 1993, including DDT, PCBs and other substances in relation to the risk of breast cancer. The correlation between breast cancer and DDT or DDE was mentioned [ 12 , 110 ].…”

Section: Metabolism and Action Of Xenoestrogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The debate on the risks that humans are exposed to remains a controversy, and a clear-cut relationship between XEs exposure and human health so far has only a little evidence. However, due to the complexity of their mechanisms and potential for adverse effects, how XEs affect normal estrogen signaling remains an open question and is worth investigating [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The development of the urinary tract and nervous system is particularly sensitive to hormonal disruption over periods of in utero and early postnatal life [ 5 , 16 ]. On top of that, a birth defect can be considered permanent damage, whereas the structural changes of the body parts are less affected after reaching adulthood [ 12 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Vitro and Vivo Identification, Metabolism and Action of Xenoestrogens: An Overview

Wang

Chen

2021

IJMS

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Xenoestrogens (XEs) are substances that imitate endogenous estrogens to affect the physiologic functions of humans or other animals. As endocrine disruptors, they can be either synthetic or natural chemical compounds derived from diet, pesticides, cosmetics, plastics, plants, industrial byproducts, metals, and medications. By mimicking the chemical structure that is naturally occurring estrogen compounds, synthetic XEs, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), bisphenol A (BPA), and diethylstilbestrol (DES), are considered the focus of a group of exogenous chemical. On the other hand, nature phytoestrogens in soybeans can also serve as XEs to exert estrogenic activities. In contrast, some XEs are not similar to estrogens in structure and can affect the physiologic functions in ways other than ER-ERE ligand routes. Studies have confirmed that even the weakly active compounds could interfere with the hormonal balance with persistency or high concentrations of XEs, thus possibly being associated with the occurrence of the reproductive tract or neuroendocrine disorders and congenital malformations. However, XEs are most likely to exert tissue-specific and non-genomic actions when estrogen concentrations are relatively low. Current research has reported that there is not only one factor affected by XEs, but opposite directions are also found on several occasions, or even different components stem from the identical endocrine pathway; thus, it is more challenging and unpredictable of the physical health. This review provides a summary of the identification, detection, metabolism, and action of XEs. However, many details of the underlying mechanisms remain unknown and warrant further investigation.

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Section: Identification and Detection Of Xenoestrogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Metabolism and Action Of Xenoestrogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Metabolism and Action Of Xenoestrogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Vitro and Vivo Identification, Metabolism and Action of Xenoestrogens: An Overview

Wang

Chen

2021

IJMS

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Effect of exposure to ambient air pollution on gynecological cancer: A systematic review

Murithi,

2023

Preprint

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Background The importance of gynecological cancer and air pollution awareness cannot be overemphasized. Various studies undertaken worldwide have found that exposure to atmospheric pollutants can lead to high morbidity and mortality due to gynecological cancer. Hence, it is critical to address this issue for the prevention and reduction of gynecological cancers. Objective This review was conducted to objectively assess the effect of exposure to ambient air pollution on gynecological cancer and its related factors among women. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis of quantitative research were conducted. We searched 5 electronic databases: CINAHL (EBSCO Academic Search Premier); Google Scholar; Embase; PubMed and Web of Knowledge to identify relevant studies for inclusion from January 2011 to December 2021. The quality of each study included for meta-analysis was determined using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical appraisal tool. Results 18,324 records were identified from the electronic data search. 16,535 records were filtered systematically. Finally, 12 studies involving 5 population-based cross-sectional studies using secondary data from demographic health surveys conducted prior, 2 cohort studies, 3 articles are case-control studies, 1 ecological study, and 1 meta-analysis were added in the final analysis. Accordingly, the overall point estimate of gynecological (cervical, ovarian, and endometrial) cancer among women worldwide was 50% (95%CI: 43 ~ 57%). High heterogeneity (I2 = 99.72%, p < 0.001) was noticed which could be due to factors not explored in this review. The factors commonly associated with gynecological cancer were occupation, procreation, age, diabetes, the number of births, drinking, a family history of cancer, menstrual cycle, and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). Conclusion Long-term air pollution exposure has a significant impact on the occurrence and development of gynecological tumors. The interaction between ambient air pollution and sensitive determinants can significantly increase the risk of gynecological tumors. Air pollution exposure may be high in most countries worldwide. Hence, there was heterogeneity in the effect of exposure to ambient air pollution on gynecological cancer.

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The incidence of breast cancer and the role of environmental chemical pollutants (analysis of literature data)

Chernychenko¹,

N.V.²,

O.M.³

et al. 2019

Dovkil Zdor

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Adverse Effects on Female Human Reproductive Health from Exposure to Endocrine Disruptors: Focus on Endometrial Lesions

Cited by 5 publications

References 61 publications

In Vitro and Vivo Identification, Metabolism and Action of Xenoestrogens: An Overview

In Vitro and Vivo Identification, Metabolism and Action of Xenoestrogens: An Overview

Effect of exposure to ambient air pollution on gynecological cancer: A systematic review

The incidence of breast cancer and the role of environmental chemical pollutants (analysis of literature data)

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