Adverse effects of imidocarb dipropionate (Imizol®) in a dog

Abdullah, Ahmad Fikri; Sheikh-Omar, A. R.; Baggot, J. D.; Zamri, Meryam

doi:10.1007/bf02214695

Cited by 26 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…7,8 Complications associated with imidocarb dipropionate therapy including transient salivation, lacrimation, vomiting, diarrhea, muscle tremors, restlessness, tachycardia, and dyspnea have been described in dogs, and have been attributed to increased acetylcholine activity. 8,47 Death due to pulmonary edema and possible acute renal failure 8 days after IV injection of imidocarb dipropionate (4 mg/kg) has been reported in a dog. 47 IV injection of imidocarb dipropionate is not recommended.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…8,47 Death due to pulmonary edema and possible acute renal failure 8 days after IV injection of imidocarb dipropionate (4 mg/kg) has been reported in a dog. 47 IV injection of imidocarb dipropionate is not recommended. 7 The patient presented in this report died of respiratory failure several hours after SC injection of imidocarb dipropionate (6.6 mg/kg).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Cerebral babesiosis and acute respiratory distress syndrome in a dog

Daste

Lucas

Aumann

2013

J Vet Emergen Crit Care

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cerebral babesiosis and acute respiratory distress syndrome in a dog

Daste

Lucas

Aumann

2013

J Vet Emergen Crit Care

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“…One of 13 dogs used in a pharmacokinetic study died 8 days after receiving a single injection of 4 mg/kg imidocarb i.v. (Abdullah et al, 1984). The kidneys of the dog were grossly enlarged with extensive haemorrhage in the cortex and medulla.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological and ultrastructural studies of renal lesions in Babesia canis infected dogs treated with imidocarb

Máthé

Dobos-Kovács

Vörös

2007

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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Histological and electron microscopic examinations of the kidneys of 8 dogs suffering from fatal, naturally acquired Babesia canis infection and nephropathy are presented. Seven animals were treated with imidocarb dipropionate on average 4.5 days prior to death. Severe anaemia was present only in 2 cases. Degenerative histological changes observed mostly in the proximal convoluted tubules included vacuolar-hydropic degeneration, necrosis and detachment of renal tubular epithelial (RTE) cells from the basement membrane. Necrotic debris occasionally formed acidophilic casts within the tubules. In some cases, necrosis of the whole tubule was observed. Haemoglobin casts in the tubules and haemoglobin droplets in RTE cells seldom appeared. No significant histological changes were seen in the glomeruli. Ultrastructural lesions in RTE cells included nuclear membrane hyperchromatosis, karyopyknosis, karyolysis, swelling or collapse of mitochondria with fragmentation of cristae and vacuolar-hydropic degeneration in the endoplasmic reticulum and microvilli. Nuclear oedema was also observed. Many RTE cells exhibiting necrosis collapsed. Vacuolar-hydropic degeneration and necrosis were also observed in the glomerular and interstitial capillary endothelium. The severe acute tubular necrosis described in this study is probably the result of hypoxic renal injury. Systemic hypotension leading to vasoconstriction in the kidneys might be the most important cause of renal hypoxia in B. canis infections, but anaemia may also contribute to inadequate oxygenation. Imidocarb should be applied with caution in patients with possible renal involvement until further data become available on its potential nephrotoxicity in dogs.

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“…Due to these side-effects, the practical use of diminazene aceturate is not approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the U.S.A. [5], and this drug was recently withdrawn from the market in Japan. The limited use of imidocarb dipropionate may be due to its high cost and systemic side-effects such as acute hepatic and renal failure especially in debilitated animals [1]. Therefore, an alternative chemotherapeutic agent with better activity and fewer side-effects is needed urgently.…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Efficacy of Bruceine A, a Natural Quassinoid Compound Extracted from a Medicinal Plant, Bruced javanica, for Canine Babesiosis

Mizukami

Kawamura

subeki

et al. 2009

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Bruceine A, a natural quassinoid compound extracted from the dried fruits of Brucea javanica (L.) Merr., was evaluated for its antibabesial activity in vitro and in vivo. Bruceine A inhibited the in vitro growth of Babesia gibsoni in canine erythrocytes at lower concentration compared with the standard antibabesial drug diminazene aceturate and killed the parasites within 24 hr at a concentration of 25 nM. Oral administration of bruceine A at a dosage of 6.4 mg/kg/day for 5 days resulted in no clinical findings in a dog with normal ranges of hematological and biochemical values in the blood. Three dogs were infected with B. gibsoni and two of them were treated with bruceine A at a dosage of 6.4 mg/kg/day for 6 days from day 5 post-infection. An untreated dog developed typical acute babesiosis symptoms including severe anemia, high fever, and complete loss of appetite and movement. However, the two bruceine A-treated dogs maintained their healthy conditions throughout the experimental period of 4 weeks although complete elimination of parasites from the peripheral blood was not achieved and decreases in the packed cell volume and the erythrocyte and platelet counts were observed. Since natural quassinoid compounds have been used as traditional medicines for the treatment of various ailments including cancer and malaria, the present results suggest that bruceine A or other related compounds are potential candidates for the treatment of canine babesiosis.

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Adverse effects of imidocarb dipropionate (Imizol®) in a dog

Cited by 26 publications

References 6 publications

Cerebral babesiosis and acute respiratory distress syndrome in a dog

Cerebral babesiosis and acute respiratory distress syndrome in a dog

Histological and ultrastructural studies of renal lesions in Babesia canis infected dogs treated with imidocarb

Evaluation of Efficacy of Bruceine A, a Natural Quassinoid Compound Extracted from a Medicinal Plant, Bruced javanica, for Canine Babesiosis

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