Adverse effects of chronic exposure to nonylphenol on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in male rats

Abstract

Endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) has been thought to play a role in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the toxic effects of Nonylphenol (NP), an EDC, on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease have never been elaborated. This study aimed to investigate whether exposure to NP could induce NAFDL, a promoting effect of high-sucrose-high-fat diet (HSHFD) on the adverse effects caused by NP was evaluated. Fourth eight male rats were assigned to four groups and each group was treated with a specific testing sample: normal-diet (ND) control group (C-ND); normal diet plus NP (180mg/kg/day) group (NP-ND); high-sucrose-high-fat-diet control group (C-HSHFD); HSHFD plus NP (180mg/kg/day) group (NP-HSHFD). At the age of 80 day, sonogram presents diffusely increased hepatic echogenicity in the NP-HSHFD group. The oblique diameter of liver in the NP-HSHFD group was significantly bigger than that in both the C-ND and NP-ND groups. At the age of 90 day, exposure to NP-HSHFD and NP-ND caused a significant increase in NP concentration in liver as compared to the C-ND group. The rats in the groups treated with NP+ND, HSHFD and NP+HSHFD produced significant increases in the body weight, fat weight and FMI, respectively, when compared to the C-ND group. The liver weight and hepatosomatic indexes (HIS) of rats in the NP-HSHFD group are higher than those in the C-HSHFD group. Exposure to NP-HSHFD induced the increases in plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) as compared to the C-ND group. Morphological examination of liver tissue from rats exposed to NP+HSHFD shown steatosis with marked accumulation of lipid droplets, hepatocellular ballooning degeneration and inflammatory cell infiltration. Chronic exposure to NP might induce NAFLD in male rats. The high-sucrose-high-fat diet accelerates and exacerbates the development of NAFLD caused by NP exposure.

Hazards of Chronic Exposure to Nonylphenol: Concomitant Effect on Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Male Albino Rats

“…Previous studies focused on testing the chronic exposure to a high daily dose of NP (180 mg/kg/day) and how it induced NASH together with HSHFD exacerbating liver dysfunction and dyslipidemia [20] and on studying the dose-dependent effect of exposure to various doses (5, 25, 125 μg/kg/day) of NP on the expression of HO-1 gene [28].…”

“…Another study tested hepatotoxicity due to chronic exposure to a daily dose of 180 mg/kg/day [20] and doses of 0.02, 0.2, 2 μg/kg/day [21] of NP, and its effect on NAFLD. To our knowledge, no study tested the chronic exposure to an intermediate dose of NP and its synergistic effect on NAFLD.…”

Association between Metabolic Syndrome and Job Rank

“…Some experimental evidence shows that chemical exposure can cause non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and disturbed lipid metabolism. 24,25 Level of exertion in the occupation is also an important factor for the development of metabolic syndrome among workers. In a German study comparing workers with a sedentary occupation and those with more exertion within their job, those with a sedentary work style had a significantly higher rate of metabolic syndrome.…”

Influence of nonylphenol exposure on basic growth, development, and thyroid tissue structure in F1 male rats

“…Nonylphenol (NP) is a representative type of EED. It widely exists in the environment at relatively high levels (Yu et al, 2017). NP has been reported to damage endocrine function by simulating the effect of estrogen (Couderc et al, 2014), and can damage both tissues and organs in neonatal rats by overcoming the placental barrier and via breastfeeding (Chang, Wun & Wang, 2012; Ponzo & Silvia, 2013).…”

“…NP has been reported to damage endocrine function by simulating the effect of estrogen (Couderc et al, 2014), and can damage both tissues and organs in neonatal rats by overcoming the placental barrier and via breastfeeding (Chang, Wun & Wang, 2012; Ponzo & Silvia, 2013). It was also detected in human serum (Luo et al, 2016), breast milk (Sengul & Cevdet, 2017), urine (Yu et al, 2016a), adipose tissue (Yu et al, 2017), and semen (Rehman et al, 2018). Table 1 lists the levels of NP that were detected in the organs or tissues of animals.…”