Adverse Effect of Drought on Quality of Major Cereal Crops: Implications and Their Possible Mitigation Strategies

Sabagh, Ayman El; Hossain, Akbar; Barutçular, Celaleddin; Islam, Mohammad Sohidul; Ahmad, Zahoor; Wasaya, Allah; Meena, Ram Swaroop; Fahad, Shah; Sytar, Oksana; Hafez, Y. M.; Ullah, Najeeb; Çığ, Fatih; Konuşkan, Ömer; Hasanuzzaman, Mirza

doi:10.1007/978-981-15-0025-1_31

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…A transcriptome analysis also showed that silicon mediates amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism and glycan biosynthesis and metabolism and thereby improves drought resistance. Compatible solutes such as betaine, sugar and free amino acids protect cells and membrane structures from the harmful effects of a lack of water and help maintain the water balance inside plants [ 62 ]. The tolerance of plants to water deficit is positively related to the accumulation of osmotic substances, which are considered adaptive substances used by plants to regulate osmotic regulation and protect various cellular components.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon enhances the drought resistance of peach seedlings by regulating hormone, amino acid, and sugar metabolism

Gao

Yang

et al. 2022

BMC Plant Biol

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Background Drought is one of the main concerns worldwide and restricts the development of agriculture. Silicon improves the drought resistance of plants, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Results We sequenced the transcriptomes of both control and silicon-treated peach seedlings under drought stress to identify genes or gene networks that could be managed to increase the drought tolerance of peach seedlings. Peach (Prunus persica) seedlings were used to analyse the effects of silicon on plant growth and physiological indexes related to drought resistance under drought stress. The results showed that silicon addition improved the water use efficiency, antioxidant capacity, and net photosynthetic rate, inhibition of stomatal closure, promoted the development of roots, and further regulated the synthesis of hormones, amino acids and sugars in peach seedlings. A comparative transcriptome analysis identified a total of 2275 genes that respond to silicon under drought stress. These genes were mainly involved in ion transport, hormone and signal transduction, biosynthetic and metabolic processes, stress and defence responses and other processes. We analysed the effects of silicon on the modulation of stress-related hormonal crosstalk and amino acid and sugar metabolism. The results showed that silicon promotes zeatin, gibberellin, and auxin biosynthesis, inhibits the synthesis of abscisic acid, then promote lateral root development and inhibit stomatal closure, and regulates the signal transduction of auxin, cytokinin, gibberellin and salicylic acid. Silicon also regulates the metabolism of various amino acids and promotes the accumulation of sucrose and glucose to improve drought resistance of peach seedlings. Conclusions Silicon enhanced the drought resistance of peach seedlings by regulating stress-related hormone synthesis and signal transduction, and regulating amino acid and sugar metabolism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon enhances the drought resistance of peach seedlings by regulating hormone, amino acid, and sugar metabolism

Gao

Yang

et al. 2022

BMC Plant Biol

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“…It is expected to be more frequent and intense as a result of global climate change, which may severely impact world crop production [7]. Drought is the most injurious stress that significantly influences the yield and quality traits of major cereal crops [8]. It reduces agricultural production mainly by disrupting the osmotic equilibrium and membrane structure of the cell [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ameliorative Effects of Calcium Sprays on Yield and Grain Nutritional Composition of Maize (Zea mays L.) Cultivars under Drought Stress

2021

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Drought stress is seriously affecting maize production. To investigate the influence of calcium (Ca) foliar application on maize production and chemical composition of grains under drought stress, two experiments were carried out at Cairo University Research Station, Giza, Egypt, during the summer seasons of 2018 and 2019. The experimental design was split-split plot design with a completely randomized blocks arrangement with three replications. Water regimes were assigned to the main plots [100 (control), 75, and 50% of estimated evapotranspiration]. Calcium levels (zero and 50 mg/L) were assigned to the sub plots. Maize cultivars (SC-P3444, Sammaz-35 and EVDT) were assigned to the sub-sub plots. Three maize cultivars were sprayed with Ca solution concentration (50 mg/L) under normal and drought conditions. The control treatment (0 mg/L) was sprayed with an equal amount of distilled water for comparison. Results indicated a significant decrease in total yield and grain characteristics [protein, ash, total sugars, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and iron (Fe) contents] as a response of drought. Calcium foliar application significantly increased maize yield, protein, ash, carbohydrates, starch, total sugars, and ionic contents of grains, except for manganese (Mn), under all irrigation levels. Based on the drought tolerance index (DTI), only cultivar SC-P3444 showed drought tolerance while cultivars Sammaz-35 and EVDT were sensitive to drought stress. Foliar application of Ca on SC-P3444 cultivar achieved the highest grain yield per hectare (8061 kg) under the water regime of 100% of the total evapotranspiration, followed by Sammaz-35 (7570 kg), and EVDT (7191 kg) cultivars. At the water regime of 75% of estimated evapotranspiration (75% irrigation), Ca foliar application increased grain yield by 16, 13 and 14% in SC-P3444, Sammaz-35, and EVDT, respectively. At the water regime of 50% of the estimated evapotranspiration (50% irrigation), Ca foliar application increased grain yield by 17, 16, and 13% in SC-P3444, Sammaz-35, and EVDT, respectively. In brief, Ca had a clear impact on productivity and grain quality with important implications for maize yield under normal and water stress conditions. Our findings demonstrate that foliar application of Ca enabled drought stressed maize plants to survive better under stress. The most water stress tolerant cultivar was SC-P3444 followed by Sammaz-35 and EVDT under drought stress.

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“…In order to overcome the effect of water stress on crop productivity, various strategies are being suggested. They may include one or combination of the following: i) seed priming ii) foliar application of exogenous water stress moderating chemicals and/or minerals (such as calcium, silicon), iii) application of microbial consortium and iv) soil water conservation methods (Sabagh et al 2020). For example, seed priming and exogenous application of growth regulators and osmolytes such as glycine betaine and proline at various crop growth stages plays a significant role in inducing resistance against abiotic stresses, including drought (Farooq et al 2006) Seed priming (which is pre-sowing hydration of seeds or treating the seeds with ascorbic acid and potassium chloride) is an important and short-term approach that helps to initiate the germination metabolism under drought condition and Ajouri et al (2004) recorded a 44% increase in the germination of wheat seeds through seed priming under drought conditions.…”

Section: Approaches For Mitigating Drought Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Water Stress Resilient Crop Breeding Using Phenomics and Genomics Information Derived fromSorghum (SorghumbicolorL.)

Mohanavel¹,

N²,

Swain³

et al. 2020

MAJ

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Inthisunpredictableclimaticscenario,increasingcropproductivityunderlow water availability is the foremost challenge. The crops are further seriously affected,andtheyieldsaredrasticallyreducedduetoelevatedtemperature, greenhousegases,andhumidityduringthewater stressperiod.Toensure food security in the coming decades, scientists have summoned to increase thehigh-quality foodwiththeseclimaticvagaries. Thoughseveralagronomic and management strategies were proposed to mitigate the water stress, genetic improvementof cropswithimproveddroughttoleranceis the simple, sustainable and affordable option. Nevertheless, identification and molecular understandingoftheappropriatebreedingtraits thatcanalleviatetheimpact of water stress on crop plants are the trickiest part ofthis strategy. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.)is gaining its importance in water stress tolerance plant breeding, as it has several clearly defined drought-tolerant component traits that promote productivity underlow water environments. The genomics and phenomics information generated in S. bicolor would immensely help breeding plants resilientto thechallenges of a water scarcity. This paper describes themolecularmechanismsofdroughttoleranceusing sorghum bicoloras amodel and howthis information canbeextrapolatedto breed better cultivars in other crops.

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Adverse Effect of Drought on Quality of Major Cereal Crops: Implications and Their Possible Mitigation Strategies

Cited by 6 publications

References 100 publications

Silicon enhances the drought resistance of peach seedlings by regulating hormone, amino acid, and sugar metabolism

Silicon enhances the drought resistance of peach seedlings by regulating hormone, amino acid, and sugar metabolism

Ameliorative Effects of Calcium Sprays on Yield and Grain Nutritional Composition of Maize (Zea mays L.) Cultivars under Drought Stress

Improving Water Stress Resilient Crop Breeding Using Phenomics and Genomics Information Derived fromSorghum (SorghumbicolorL.)

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