Adverse Childhood Experiences and the Risk of Multiple Sclerosis Development: A Review of Potential Mechanisms
Karine Eid,
Marte-Helene Bjørk,
Nils Erik Gilhus
et al.
Abstract:Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), such as abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction, contribute to long-term systemic toxic stress and inflammation that may last well into adulthood. Such early-life stressors have been associated with increased susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (MS) in observational studies and with the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in animal models. In this review, we summarize the evidence for an ACE-mediated increase in MS risk, as well as the potential mec… Show more
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