Adverse childhood experiences and associated health outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Petruccelli, Kaitlyn; Davis, Joshua; Berman, Tara

doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104127

Cited by 588 publications

(463 citation statements)

References 115 publications

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“…We identified a persistent negative impact of ACEs on adopted children's internalizing and externalizing scores over time. Given that children adopted from care in the UK have a high prevalence of ACEs [9] that impact on adult psychological and physical health [11,13], our findings have relevance for prevention and intervention strategies by underscoring the need to protect children from accumulating ACEs in early childhood, and for effective interventions once ACEs are identified.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…mental health in schools; health visiting). However, data on effective strategies are limited [13], and identification of mechanisms whereby ACEs impact children's mental health may inform such strategies [30,31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Determining the risk factors for adoptees' enduring mental health problems is vital to inform early interventions to improve children's outcomes and for the prevention of adoptive family crisis and breakdown. Given the deleterious effects of early adversity on health and functioning in later life [13] and the vulnerability of children adopted from care [9], we highlight that identification, careful documentation, and transparency in sharing children's histories of early adversity among caregivers are potentially powerful tools for identifying children at risk for enduring mental health problems and a target for intervention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most adopted children in the UK are taken into care due to maltreatment within the birth family [8], and are likely to have experienced adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) such as abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction than the general population [3,9]. Recent work revealed that over two-fifths of children adopted in a 1-year period experienced four or more ACEs [9], with such exposure linked to an increase in vulnerability for health risks across the life course, such as delinquency in adolescence [10] and poor psychological health, alcoholism, drug abuse, and suicide attempts in adulthood [11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early adversity predicts adoptees’ enduring emotional and behavioral problems in childhood

Paine

Fahey

Anthony

et al. 2020

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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Children adopted from the public care system are likely to experience a cluster of interrelated risk factors that may place them on a trajectory of mental health problems that persist across the life course. However, the specific effects of putative risk factors on children's mental health post-placement are not well understood. We conducted a prospective, longitudinal study of children placed for adoption between 2014 and 2015 (N = 96). Adoptive parents completed questionnaires at approximately 5, 21, 36, and 48 months post-placement. We used time series analysis to examine the impact of pre-adoptive risk factors [adverse childhood experiences [ACEs], number of moves, days with birth parents and in care] on children's internalizing and externalizing problems, and prosocial behavior over 4 years post-placement. Adoptees' internalizing and externalizing problems remained consistently high over the 4-year study period, but more ACEs predicted increases in internalizing and externalizing problems. Contrary to expectations, more pre-placement moves and time in care predicted fewer problems over time, but exploratory analyses of interactive effects revealed this was only the case in rare circumstances. We identify pre-and post-removal factors that may incur benefits or have a deleterious impact on adoptees' outcomes in post-adoptive family life. Our findings provide knowledge for front-line professionals in the support of adoptive families and underscore the vital need for effective early intervention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Early adversity predicts adoptees’ enduring emotional and behavioral problems in childhood

Paine

Fahey

Anthony

et al. 2020

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are traumatic events occurring before the age of 18 and are considered an increasing public health crisis. ACEs affect cognitive [ 28 ], social and emotional [ 29 , 30 ], financial [ 31 ], and physical health [ 32 ] domains across the lifespan, with racial and ethnic minorities disproportionally affected [ 33 ].…”

Section: Psychological Co-morbiditiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Scarcity of Literature on the Psychological, Social, and Emotional Effects of Gastroparesis in Children

Taft

Doerfler

Edlynn³

et al. 2020

Children

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Gastroparesis (GP) is a chronic, gastric dysmotility disorder with significant morbidity and mortality. The hallmark of GP is the delayed emptying of the contents of the stomach in the absence of any mechanical obstruction. Patients most commonly report chronic symptoms of nausea, vomiting, feeling full quickly when eating, bloating, and abdominal pain. Treatments are limited with relatively poor efficacy. As such, children with GP are at significant risk for the development of psychological co-morbidities. In this paper, we provide a topical review of the scientific literature on the psychological, social, and emotional impacts of gastroparesis in pediatric patients. We aim to document the current state of research, identify gaps in our knowledge with appropriate recommendations for future research directions, and highlight the unique challenges pediatric patients with GP and their families may face as they manage this disease. Based on the current review, research into the psychosocial impacts in children with GP is essentially non-existent. However, when considering research in children with other chronic digestive diseases, children with GP are likely to face multiple psychosocial challenges, including increased risk for anxiety and depression, stigma, and reduced quality of life. These significant gaps in the current understanding of effects of GP across domains of childhood functioning allow for ample opportunities for future studies to address psychosocial outcomes.

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Obesity in Adolescents

Kelly,

Armstrong,

Michalsky

et al. 2024

JAMA

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ImportanceObesity affects approximately 21% of US adolescents and is associated with insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia, sleep disorders, depression, and musculoskeletal problems. Obesity during adolescence has also been associated with an increased risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes in adulthood.ObservationsObesity in adolescents aged 12 to younger than 18 years is commonly defined as a body mass index (BMI) at the 95th or greater age- and sex-adjusted percentile. Comprehensive treatment in adolescents includes lifestyle modification therapy, pharmacotherapy, and metabolic and bariatric surgery. Lifestyle modification therapy, which includes dietary, physical activity, and behavioral counseling, is first-line treatment; as monotherapy, lifestyle modification requires more than 26 contact hours over 1 year to elicit approximately 3% mean BMI reduction. Newer antiobesity medications, such as liraglutide, semaglutide, and phentermine/topiramate, in combination with lifestyle modification therapy, can reduce mean BMI by approximately 5% to 17% at 1 year of treatment. Adverse effects vary, but severe adverse events from these newer antiobesity medications are rare. Surgery (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and vertical sleeve gastrectomy) for severe adolescent obesity (BMI ≥120% of the 95th percentile) reduces mean BMI by approximately 30% at 1 year. Minor and major perioperative complications, such as reoperation and hospital readmission for dehydration, are experienced by approximately 15% and 8% of patients, respectively. Determining the long-term durability of all obesity treatments warrants future research.Conclusions and RelevanceThe prevalence of adolescent obesity is approximately 21% in the US. Treatment options for adolescents with obesity include lifestyle modification therapy, pharmacotherapy, and metabolic and bariatric surgery. Intensive lifestyle modification therapy reduces BMI by approximately 3% while pharmacotherapy added to lifestyle modification therapy can attain BMI reductions ranging from 5% to 17%. Surgery is the most effective intervention for adolescents with severe obesity and has been shown to achieve BMI reduction of approximately 30%.

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Adverse childhood experiences and associated health outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 588 publications

References 115 publications

Early adversity predicts adoptees’ enduring emotional and behavioral problems in childhood

Early adversity predicts adoptees’ enduring emotional and behavioral problems in childhood

The Scarcity of Literature on the Psychological, Social, and Emotional Effects of Gastroparesis in Children

Obesity in Adolescents

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