Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and health-risk behaviors among adults in a developing country setting

Ramiro, Laurie S.; Madrid, Bernadette; Brown, David W.

doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2010.02.012

Cited by 266 publications

(246 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…For example, studies have demonstrated abnormal behavior in adults who were mistreated as children (1,2). In monkeys, maternal separation (MS) is frequently used to mimic early adversity.…”

Section: Xiaolimentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal separation produces lasting changes in cortisol and behavior in rhesus monkeys

Feng

Wang

Yang

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

142

101

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Maternal separation (MS), which can lead to hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis dysfunction and behavioral abnormalities in rhesus monkeys, is frequently used to model early adversity. Whether this deleterious effect on monkeys is reversible by later experience is unknown. In this study, we assessed the basal hair cortisol in rhesus monkeys after 1.5 and 3 y of normal social life following an early separation. These results showed that peer-reared monkeys had significantly lower basal hair cortisol levels than the mother-reared monkeys at both years examined. The plasma cortisol was assessed in the monkeys after 1.5 y of normal social life, and the results indicated that the peak in the peer-reared cortisol response to acute stressors was substantially delayed. In addition, after 3 y of normal social life, abnormal behavioral patterns were identified in the peer-reared monkeys. They showed decreases in locomotion and initiated sitting together, as well as increases in stereotypical behaviors compared with the mother-reared monkeys. These results demonstrate that the deleterious effects of MS on rhesus monkeys cannot be compensated by a later normal social life, suggesting that the effects of MS are long-lasting and that the maternal-separated rhesus monkeys are a good animal model to study early adversity and to investigate the development of psychiatric disorders induced by exposure to early adversity.

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“…For example, studies have demonstrated abnormal behavior in adults who were mistreated as children (1,2). In monkeys, maternal separation (MS) is frequently used to mimic early adversity.…”

Section: Xiaolimentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal separation produces lasting changes in cortisol and behavior in rhesus monkeys

Feng

Wang

Yang

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

142

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Furthermore, ACEs are highly interrelated events and differ by gender [1][2][3]. Recently, a great deal of evidence suggests that ACEs have been associated with chronic diseases, premature death [4][5][6][7][8][9][10], cigarette smoking, substance abuse, alcohol abuse [11][12][13][14], anxiety, and depression [15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between adverse childhood experiences and unemployment among adults from five US states

Liu

Croft

Chapman

et al. 2012

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

156

106

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Correspondence to: Yong Liu, ikd8@cdc.gov. Conflict of interestThe authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.Part of the manuscript was presented in 28th Annual BRFSS Conference on March 19-23, 2011 in Atlanta, GA. HHS Public Access Author Manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript Author ManuscriptPurpose-Our study assesses the relationships between self-reported adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) (including sexual, physical, or verbal abuse, along with household dysfunction including parental separation or divorce, domestic violence, mental illness, substance abuse, or incarcerated household member) and unemployment status in five US states in 2009.Methods-We examined these relationships using the 2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey data from 17,469 respondents (aged 18-64 years) who resided in five states, completed the ACE Questionnaire, and provided socio-demographic and social support information. We also assessed the mediation of these relationships by respondents' educational attainment, marital status, and social support.Results-About two-third of respondents reported having had at least one ACEs, while 15.1 % of men and 19.3 % of women reported having had ≥4 ACEs. Among both men and women, the unemployment rate in 2009 was significantly higher among those who reported having had any ACE than among those who reported no ACEs (p < 0.05). Educational attainment, marital status, and social support mediated the relationship between ACEs and unemployment, particularly among women.Conclusions-ACEs appear to be associated with increased risk for unemployment among men and women. Further studies may be needed to better understand how education, marital status, and social support mediate the association between multiple ACEs and unemployment.

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“…Desse modo, a atual ausência de um diagnóstico coeso e fi dedigno para essas vítimas interfere negativamente na identifi cação sintomatológica e na seleção das intervenções terapêuticas. Devido ao grande número de crianças vítimas de violência, há uma disparidade entre a atual demanda e os métodos de tratamento disponíveis 58 . Outro ponto relevante é o fato de alguns estudos estarem considerando a possibilidade de criação de uma nova categoria de transtornos do eixo I no DSM-V. Denominada de transtornos de estresse traumático, ela abrangeria os diagnósticos de TEPT, o transtorno de estresse agudo, o transtorno de ajustamento e alguma categoria referente às síndromes associadas ao trauma complexo 59 .…”

Section: Conclusõesunclassified

Trauma complexo e suas implicações diagnósticas

Viola

Grassi‐Oliveira

Renner

et al. 2011

Rev. psiquiatr. Rio Gd. Sul

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A exposição prolongada a múltiplos eventos traumáticos de natureza interpessoal, sobretudo durante o desenvolvimento, tem demonstrado consequências e sintomas psiquiátricos não considerados pelo atual diagnóstico de transtorno de estresse pós-traumático (TEPT). Essas situações negativas e crônicas durante a infância e adolescência evidenciam a existência de uma síndrome psicopatológica associada a complexas (des)adaptações a efeitos traumáticos diversos. A ausência de um diagnóstico coeso e fidedigno para essas vítimas interfere negativamente na identificação sintomatológica e no método de tratamento. O presente trabalho visa revisar a definição de trauma, apresentando o conceito de trauma complexo, explorando suas implicações clínicas, bem como as categorias diagnósticas derivadas desse constructo. Importantes questões são levantadas acerca das diferenças entre trauma complexo e TEPT, investigando os sintomas e transtornos comórbidos ao diagnóstico de TEPT, assim como as limitações inerentes a esse diagnóstico. Considerando o impacto psicopatológico relacionado ao trauma complexo, discute-se a possível inserção de uma nova categoria diagnóstica na 5ª versão do Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico dos Transtornos Mentais, adjunta ao espectro de psicopatologias pós-traumáticas.

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Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and health-risk behaviors among adults in a developing country setting

Cited by 266 publications

References 50 publications

Maternal separation produces lasting changes in cortisol and behavior in rhesus monkeys

Maternal separation produces lasting changes in cortisol and behavior in rhesus monkeys

Relationship between adverse childhood experiences and unemployment among adults from five US states

Trauma complexo e suas implicações diagnósticas

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