Adverse childhood events and mental health problems in cancer survivors: a systematic review

Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this study was to systematically review the literature on the association between adverse childhood events (ACEs) and mental health problems in cancer survivors. Methods This review was conducted in line with PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Four databases (PubMed, PsychINFO, Web of Science, and Cochrane) were searched on 27–08-2023. Results Of the 1413 references yielded by the literature search, 25 papers met inclusion criteria and were reviewed. Most studies were performed in the USA, most included breast cancer survivors, and the number of included participants ranged between 20 and 1343. ACEs were relatively prevalent, with self-report rates ranging between 40 and 95%. Having been exposed to ACEs was a risk factor for heightened levels of emotional distress, anxiety, depressive symptoms, and fatigue during cancer treatment. Results varied depending on the variables included, and per subscale, but were consistent across different cultures and heterogenous patient groups. Conclusion The association between ACE and mental health outcomes was significant in most studies. In order to improve treatment for this vulnerable population, it may be necessary to screen for ACEs before cancer treatment and adjust treatment, for example, by means of trauma-informed care (TIC), which recognizes and responds to the impact of trauma on individuals seeking healthcare.

Association between adverse childhood experiences and self-reported health-risk behaviors among cancer survivors: A population-based study

“…To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study conducted among adult cancer survivors investigating the relationship between ACEs and three health-risk behaviors (cigarette smoking, e-cigarette smoking and binge alcohol drinking) using population-based, nationally representative data. Approximately, 63% of our sample have self-reported ACE which falls within the range provided by a recent systematic review [ 38 ]. This review reported from 40% to 95.5% prevalence rate of ACE among cancer survivors [ 38 ].…”

“…Approximately, 63% of our sample have self-reported ACE which falls within the range provided by a recent systematic review [ 38 ]. This review reported from 40% to 95.5% prevalence rate of ACE among cancer survivors [ 38 ]. Consistent with the existing evidence [ 39 , 40 ], our findings also noted that emotional abuse is the most frequently reported ACE.…”

“…ACEs are a source of widespread health and socioeconomic burden that necessitates urgent attention and action. For those enduring or recovering from cancer, such early adversities may intersect with the a States that completed ACE modules in BRFSS 2021 are Alabama (1), Arkansas (5), Iowa (19), Mississippi (28), Nevada (32), New Hampshire (33), North Dakota (38), Oregon (41), South Carolina (45), Virginia (51), Wisconsin (55). b Each Question (1-11) is formatted as a dichotomous variable (yes/no).…”