Advantages of Real Time Three‐Dimensional Echocardiography in the Assessment of Right Ventricular Volumes and Function in Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension Compared with Conventional Two‐Dimensional Echocardiography

Abstract

In patients with PH, evaluation of the RV diastolic and systolic volume and EF by RT3DE has shown a higher discriminating power in comparison, respectively, with 2DRV diastolic area and the relative fractional area changes.

Real-Time Three-Dimensional Echocardiography to Assess Right Ventricle Function in Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension

“…RT3DE is a new imaging method for noninvasive evaluation of cardiac function that has been applied clinically [14–16]. In the present study, the RV volumes were underestimated by RT3DE compared with CMR, which is similar to prior studies [17–18].…”

Pulmonary Pulse Transit Time: A Novel Echocardiographic Indicator of Hemodynamic and Vascular Alterations in Pulmonary Hypertension and Pulmonary Fibrosis

“…It has been speculated that changes in pulmonary vascular impedance resulting from vascular stiffening might have the potential to be a better predictor of prognosis and outcome than pulmonary vascular resistance . Reduced pulmonary vascular distensibility may importantly increase the pulsatile component of the hydraulic load of the right ventricle with detrimental effects on the right ventricular‐pulmonary circulation unit, but, although the importance of RV function impairment has been recognized and intensively studied in PH, standardized echocardiographic parameters for the assessment of pulmonary vascular stiffness still need to be established . Pulmonary pulse transit time as a potential index of pulmonary vascular stiffness might thus be a promising parameter in the future evaluation of pulmonary hypertension.…”

Right Ventricle in Pulmonary Hypertension

“…Indeed, although standard 2D transthoracic echocardiography has provided merely 3 potential treatment goals-preserved tricuspid annulus systolic excursion, normal right atrial area, and the absence of pericardial effusion-modern right heart echocardiography has potentially more to offer. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Of note, in their study, Ryo et al did not follow this direction but limited the assessment to rather rudimental estimation of RV volumes, simply expecting better precision of the measurements assisted by 3D wall motion tracking when compared with traditional 2D echocardiography. Similar to CMR, this still required manual tracing of endocardial and epicardial borders.…”