Advantages of Electrochemical Polishing of Metals and Alloys in Ionic Liquids

Abstract

Electropolishing of metal surfaces is a benign alternative to mechanical treatment. Ionic liquids are considered as green electrolytes for the electropolishing of metals. They demonstrate a number of advantages in comparison with acid aqueous solutions and other methods of producing smooth or mirror-like surfaces that are required by diverse applications (medical instruments, special equipment, implants and prostheses, etc.). A wide window of electrochemical stability, recyclability, stability and tunability are just a few benefits provided by ionic liquids in the title application. An overview of the literature data on electropolishing of such metals as Ti, Ni, Pt, Cu, Al, U, Sn, Ag, Nb, stainless steel and other alloys in ionic liquids is presented.

Electropolishing and Shaping of Micro-Scale Metallic Features

“…Increasingly, however, there is a growing trend to use green electrolytes, which are ionic liquids that keep the environment clean and safe [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 34 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 41 , 46 , 147 , 148 , 149 , 150 ]. Those most commonly used are ethylene glycol, choline chloride, and salt mixtures.…”

“…Since acidic electrolytes can be hazardous or harmful to human safety and the environment, there is a growing trend of using green electrolytes. To this end, NaCl and mixtures of choline chloride and ethylene glycol have been investigated in modern studies [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ].…”

Surface Engineering of Metals and Alloys

“…The next three papers are prepared as the review article on the following topics: laser cladding coatings on magnesium alloys [18], electrochemical polishing of metals and alloys in ionic liquids [19], and thin protective coating for wear protection in hightemperature application [20]. In the first review paper, laser cladding is proposed as an effective fabrication technique to obtain coatings on magnesium alloys, which has better mechanical and tribological properties, and in most cases, improved the corrosion behavior.…”

Improvement of Gd(III) Solvent Extraction by 4-Benzoyl-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one: Non-Aqueous Systems

“…In order to highlight the ionic character of these similar reagents, they are usually denoted as [Cat + ][Ani − ] considering the ILs' bulky organic cations with a basic cyclic structure and smaller inorganic or organic anions. In particular, in the field of metal extraction, separation, and recycling by liquid-liquid processes, hydrophobic ILs of the imidazolium type [C n C m im + ][Tf 2 N − ] have already proved to be tremendously efficient media for a large variety of metals in the periodic table including lanthanoids (cations are denoted as [C n C m im + ] for n-alkyl-m-alkylimidazolium, whereas they are denoted as the anion [(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N − ] (bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) for imide, [Tf 2 N − ]) [10][11][12][13][14][15]. However, in one way or another, the prediction of diluent effects is a challenging task in solvent extraction chemistry [16][17][18] or separation methods such as adsorption, biosorption, precipitation, reverse osmoses, ion exchange, [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26], etc.…”