Advancing our understanding of sibling supervision and injury risk for young children

Morrongiello, Barbara A.; Schell, Stacey L.; Keleher, Bethany

doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.07.016

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…It is plausible that not locking medicines away increases poisoning risk more among boys than girls, as boys may receive less active supervision than girls 35–37. It is also plausible that not storing household products out of reach increases poisoning risk more among single adult households, where supervision may be more challenging or involve more frequent sibling supervision 38 39…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poison prevention practices and medically attended poisoning in young children: multicentre case–control study

et al. 2016

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IntroductionChildhood poisonings are common, placing a substantial burden on health services. Case–control studies have found inconsistent evidence about modifiable risk factors for poisonings among children aged 0–4 years. This study quantifies associations between poison prevention practices and medically attended poisonings in children aged 0–4 years.MethodsMulticentre case–control study conducted at hospitals, minor injury units and family practices from four study centres in England between 2010 and 2013. Participants comprised 567 children presenting with unintentional poisoning occurring at home and 2320 community control participants matched on age, sex, date of event and study centre. Parents/caregivers provided data on safety practices, safety equipment use, home hazards and potential confounders by means of self-completion questionnaires. Data were analysed using conditional logistic regression.ResultsCompared with community controls, parents of poisoned children were significantly more likely not to store medicines out of reach (adjusted OR (AOR) 1.59; 95% CI 1.21 to 2.09; population attributable fraction (PAF) 15%), not to store medicines safely (locked or out of reach (AOR 1.83; 95% CI 1.38 to 2.42; PAF 16%) and not to have put all medicines (AOR 2.11; 95% CI 1.54 to 2.90; PAF 20%) or household products (AOR 1.79, 95% CI 1.29 to 2.48; PAF 11%) away immediately after use.ConclusionsNot storing medicines out of reach or locked away and not putting medicines and household products away immediately after use increased the odds of secondary care attended poisonings in children aged 0–4 years. If associations are causal, implementing these poison prevention practices could each prevent between 11% and 20% of poisonings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poison prevention practices and medically attended poisoning in young children: multicentre case–control study

et al. 2016

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“…Home confinement reduced the opportunities for physical activity among children, particularly for children living in small apartments in urban areas, which ultimately reduced the risk of fractures [ 6 , 7 ]. 2.During the epidemic, the children stayed with their parents all day; parental supervision of children was strengthened, which could prevent children from injury in time [ 8 ]. 3.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of home confinement on pediatric fractures during the COVID 19 outbreak

Yuan

Cao

et al. 2021

Ital J Pediatr

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Objective To control the transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the Chinese government encouraged people to stay at home. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of home confinement on the occurrence of fractures among children. Study design We retrospectively reviewed children admitted to Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, for traumatic injury from January 24 to March 10, 2020, and the same time period in 2017, 2018 and 2019. At the same time, children with fracture were screened out and the date for the past 4 years was compared in terms of etiology, location of fracture, sex and age to evaluate the effects of home confinement on the epidemiology of pediatric fractures during the COVID-19 outbreak. Results There were 6066 fractures in5,346 patients in 2017–2019, and 1034 fractures in 862 patients in 2020; the number of patients in all years reached a peak at the age of 2 to 4 years. The patients were slightly younger in 2020 than in 2017–2019 (t = 9.953, 95% CI: 0.846–1.262), and the proportion of boys in 2017–2019 is higher than in 2020 (X2 = 6.944, P = 0.008). Home confinement and traffic restriction resulted in a reduction in traffic accidents-associated fractures among children (X2 = 16.399, P < 0.001). Conclusion Home confinement lead to the significant reduction in the number of pediatric fractures, especially in male children, but the number of patients under 4 years old was still considerable, and the proportion of younger patients even increased. Therefore, the perspective of children should not be relaxed during home isolation.

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“…The balance beam task developed by Morrongiello and Matheis (2007) successfully measured children’s physical risk-taking but was limited to a single task and targeted toward an older age group. Contrived hazard rooms offer unrealistic simulations and are most often conducted with parental supervision (Boles et al, 2005; Morrongiello & Dawber, 1998; Morrongiello, Schell, & Keleher, 2013; Schwebel et al, 2006). The Activity Room offers opportunity for observation of physical risk-taking in an ecologically valid setting across multiple behavior choices and actions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A third strategy to assess children’s risk-taking uses contrived hazards, in which researchers deliberately create apparent hazards in a monitored setting (e.g., dulled scissors, a non-functioning coffee pot, and a short stepladder) and then observe children’s interactions with the hazards (e.g., Morrongiello & Dawber, 1998; Morrongiello, Schell, & Keleher, 2013; Schwebel et al, 2006). Morrongiello and Dawber (1998) successfully adopted this design with children as young as 2 years old, discretely videotaping children’s behavior in a modified waiting room and then coding the videotapes to record aspects of child behavior and parental supervision.…”

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confidence: 99%

Validation of the Activity Room: An Ecologically Valid Assessment of Young Children’s Risk-Taking

Morgan

Estep

Morrongiello

et al. 2021

Journal of Prevention and Health Promotion

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Physical risk-taking is associated with increased risk of unintentional injury, a global health challenge and the leading cause of death for children in the United States. To assess risk and develop prevention programs, valid tools to assess children’s physical risk-taking are needed. No ecologically valid behavioral measures are widely available. This study describes the development and validation of the “Activity Room” to measure children’s physical risk-taking while presenting low risk of actual injury. Participants were 59 children aged 4 to 6 years old (51% female; 51% non-Hispanic White) and their parents. Children completed two tasks to assess physical risk-taking: (a) vignettes (short stories presenting risk situations) and (b) the “Activity Room” (unsupervised engagement for 5 min in a room with apparatus designed to stimulate potential physical risk-taking). Parents responded to a questionnaire concerning children’s active play behaviors. Correlational analyses evaluated convergent validity of the Activity Room risk-taking outcome. The Activity Room proved feasible; all children engaged eagerly and safely. Convergent validity was demonstrated through two strategies. First, risk-taking in the Activity Room correlated with observed play behaviors, such as climbing and falling. Second, risk-taking in the Activity Room correlated with children’s risk-taking responses in the vignettes and with parent-reported child risk-taking. Results indicate the Activity Room task is a valid technique to assess young children’s risk-taking in an ecologically valid real-world behavioral task. Incorporation of the task as an assessment tool may benefit a range of studies investigating children’s physical risk-taking behavior, risky decision-making, and child injury prevention strategies.

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Advancing our understanding of sibling supervision and injury risk for young children

Cited by 12 publications

References 23 publications

Poison prevention practices and medically attended poisoning in young children: multicentre case–control study

Poison prevention practices and medically attended poisoning in young children: multicentre case–control study

The effects of home confinement on pediatric fractures during the COVID 19 outbreak

Validation of the Activity Room: An Ecologically Valid Assessment of Young Children’s Risk-Taking

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