Advancing next-generation proton-exchange membrane fuel cell development in multi-physics transfer

PGM-free single atom catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

“…Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have become a prominent technology in clean energy conversion due to their remarkable efficiency in electrical power generation, relatively low operating temperatures and environmentally benign by-products. 1–7 The advancement of PEMFC technology has enabled hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) to achieve an impressive range of up to 750 kilometers, and thus match or even exceed the range of conventional vehicles with combustion engines. However, the commercialization of PEMFCs faces several significant challenges.…”