Advances on Graphyne‐Family Members for Superior Photocatalytic Behavior

Abstract

Graphyne (GY) and graphdiyne (GDY) have been employed in photocatalysis since 2012, presenting intriguing electronic and optical properties, such as high electron mobility and intrinsic bandgap due to their high -conjugated structures. Authors are reporting the enhanced photocatalytic efficiency of these carbon allotropes when combined with different metal oxides or other carbon materials. However, the synthesis of graphyne-family members (GFMs) is still very recent, and not much is known about the true potential of these photocatalytic materials. In this review article, the implications of different synthesis routes on the structural features and photocatalytic properties of these materials are elucidated. The application of GFMs in the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) regeneration, hydrogen and oxygen evolution, and carbon dioxide reduction is discussed, as well as in the degradation of pollutants and bacteria inactivation in water and wastewater treatment.

Controllable Synthesis of Two-Dimensional Graphdiyne Films Catalyzed by a Copper(II) Trichloro Complex

“…Furthermore, the conduction band energy (E cb ) was determined to be 4. 16 eV from E vb − E bg . These values (in vacuum level) were converted to electrochemical potentials according to the standard reference electrode: e.g., 0 V vs RHE is equal to −4.44 eV vs the vacuum level.…”

“…(iv) Uniform pores and the highly π-conjugated structure of GDY provide it with unique electronic transmission characteristics. These characteristics lead to diverse applications of GDY in catalysts, , electronic devices, − rechargeable batteries, , photodetectors, , water purification systems, and solar cells. − …”

Graphdiyne-based photocatalysts for solar fuel production

“…[89][90][91] Benefiting from the excellent physical and chemical properties of graphdiyne, graphdiyne-based photocatalysts are uniquely positioned for solar fuel production. 92 Table 2 summarises the achievements of graphdiyne-based photocatalysts in solar fuel production. The experimental parameters of related studies, including the photocatalyst composition, photocatalyst mass, light source, activity, and application in solar fuel production, are listed.…”

In Situ Formed Z-Scheme Graphdiyne Heterojunction Realizes NIR-Photocatalytic Oxygen Evolution and Selective Radiosensitization for Hypoxic Tumors

“…Here, we constructed an in situ formed Z-scheme heterostructured CuO@Graphdiyne (CuO@GDY) nanocatalyst as both an efficient O 2 feeder and a tumor-specific oxidative damage amplifier for controlled and precise radiosensitization of hypoxic tumors. On the one hand, the emerging 2D carbon semiconductor GDY with an intrinsic narrow band gap (1.00–1.44 eV, ≤1.53 eV for 808 nm NIR light) and more positive valence band maximum (VBM) (≥1.23 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode, RHE, for H 2 O-to-O 2 evolution) matched NIR-photocatalytic O 2 evolution. − The Z-scheme heterostructure of CuO@GDY endowed it with efficient NIR-photocatalytic O 2 evolution upon 808 nm laser irradiation. The efficient photocatalytic O 2 supply excited by NIR light offered the advantages of high controllability and good tumor penetration, thereby realizing the controllable reversion of hypoxia-related tumor radioresistance.…”