Advances in wheat breeding for resistance to Fusarium head blight

Abstract

Fusarium head blight (FHB), mainly caused by Fusarium graminearum, is one of the most devastating diseases of wheat globally. FHB causes an extensive reduction in yield and reduces the grain quality through its contamination with Fusarium toxins such as deoxynivalenol (DON), T2 toxin, HT-2 toxin, nivalenol, and zearalenone. This review provides an overview of updated progress of genetic studies on the resistance to FHB, with an emphasis on the sources of resistance to FHB, resistance gene/quantitative trait loci (QTL) mining, resistance gene cloning, major FHB resistance genes/QTL identification by molecular markers, and resistance mechanisms. The achievements of resistance breeding based on phenotype selection and molecular markers was also summarised. Based on the systematic analysis of breeding limitations and utilisation of FHB resistant materials, the authors put forward three suggestions: First, to toughen the resistance identification of wheat, testing traits such as Fusarium damaged kernel and DON need special attention as visual symptoms are less reliable, resistant varieties should be popularised, and the screening the resistant genes should be strengthened; The second is to use the additive effect of quantitative resistance genes accumulated from existing varieties to reduce the cost of resistance in order to create high yielding resistant varieties. Thirdly, to enhance research and utilization of new genes.

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Head Blight Disease Causing Fungus Fusarium graminearum in Northern Wheat Belt of India

“…Fusarium head blight (FHB) incited by Fusarium graminearum (FG) fungus is ranked as the one of the prime annihilating fungal diseases of wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) globally [ 1 ]. The published literature indicated that this disease drastically reduces the crop yield, leading to huge economic losses [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. It has been noticed that yield losses are primarily linked with poor quality seed production.…”

“…Currently, fungicide (e.g., Tebuconazole, Triazoles, Prochloraz, etc.) sprays are important methods to preclude and conquer FHB disease in a short time and lessen Fusarium toxins production, despite agro-ecological and resistance development problems [ 2 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Hence, the deployment of FHB-resistant varieties is a sustainable, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly approach to FHB management.…”