Advances in Vitreoretinal Surgery

Abstract

Advances in vitreoretinal surgery provide greater safety, efficacy, and reliability in the management of the several vitreoretinal diseases that benefit from surgical treatment. The advances are divided into the following topics: scleral buckling using chandelier illumination guided by non-contact visualization systems; sclerotomy/valved trocar diameters; posterior vitrectomy systems and ergonomic vitrectomy probes; chromovitrectomy; vitreous substitutes; intraoperative visualization systems including three-dimensional technology, systems for intraoperative optical coherence tomography, new instrumentation in vitreoretinal surgery, anti-VEGF injection before vitrectomy and in eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and new surgical techniques; endoscopic surgery; the management of subretinal hemorrhages; gene therapy; alternative techniques for refractory macular hole; perspectives for stem cell therapy and the prevention of proliferative vitreoretinopathy; and, finally, the Port Delivery System. The main objective of this review is to update the reader on the latest changes in vitreoretinal surgery and to provide an understanding of how each has impacted the improvement of surgical outcomes.

Smart molecules in ophthalmology: Hydrogels as responsive systems for ophthalmic applications

“…Numerous vitreoretinal diseases can lead to the substitution of the vitreous body with another solution, a process known as vitrectomy, as part of the medical treatment. [180] The physiological vitreous is mainly composed of water, representing 98% of its composition, as well as collagen, and glycosaminoglycans (i.e. HA, chondroitin sulfate, and heparan sulfate).…”

“…The vitreous body is a transparent gel‐like structure that has tremendous importance in biochemical and physiological functions, as well as in the optical properties of the eye. Numerous vitreoretinal diseases can lead to the substitution of the vitreous body with another solution, a process known as vitrectomy, as part of the medical treatment [180] . The physiological vitreous is mainly composed of water, representing 98% of its composition, as well as collagen, and glycosaminoglycans ( i.e.…”

Nomogram for predicting non-proliferative vitreoretinopathy probability after vitrectomy in eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

“…These factors were all identified by forward and backward stepwise selection methods in a Cox regression model. Previous studies have indicated that preoperative PVR is a significant predictor and risk factor for postoperative PVR [6,12,[19][20] . For RD patients with preoperative PVR, the incidences of postoperative PVR and recurrent RD were reported to be significantly increased [21][22] .…”

“…The incidence of postoperative PVR ranged from 4% to 34% in prospective studies [5] . Reduction of the incidence of PVR by surgical techniques or agents has always been a challenge for vitreoretinal surgeons [6] . A key step in achieving this is to identify patients at high risk for PVR development because they would benefit the most.…”

Opticon Vitrectomy System

“…2,3 Vitreoretinal cerrahi cihazlardaki en son gelişmeler arasında 23, 25 ve 27 gauge vitrektomi probları, yeni kesici tasarımlar, daha yüksek kesim hızı, geliştirilmiş göz içi basınç kontrolü, yeni endoillüminasyon, diatermi teknolojileri ve birleşik ön/arka segment cerrahi yetenekler bulunmaktadır. 3,4 Bu yazıda ön ve arka segment cerrahi işlemlerinde kullanılan Optikon 2000 S.p.A. (ASSISTANT) vitrektomi sisteminin özellikleri ve çalışma prensipleri tanıtılacaktır (Şekil 1).…”