Advances in the Role of Endothelial Cells in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease

Bai, Tao; Yu, Shaobin; Feng, Juan

doi:10.3389/fneur.2022.861714

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 150 publications

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“…The main component of the BBB is represented by BMECs, a special and unique type of endothelial cells found only at the level of the brain microvessels [ 27 ]. Compared to endothelial tissue located in other regions of the human body, the brain endothelium is characterized by a higher selectivity, one of the most important features of the BBB in brain protection [ 28 ].…”

Section: The Structure and Function Of The Blood–brain Barrier In Phy...mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Modeling of the Blood–Brain Barrier for the Study of Physiological Conditions and Alzheimer’s Disease

et al. 2022

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The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is an essential structure for the maintenance of brain homeostasis. Alterations to the BBB are linked with a myriad of pathological conditions and play a significant role in the onset and evolution of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease. Thus, a deeper understanding of the BBB’s structure and function is mandatory for a better knowledge of neurodegenerative disorders and the development of effective therapies. Because studying the BBB in vivo imposes overwhelming difficulties, the in vitro approach remains the main possible way of research. With many in vitro BBB models having been developed over the last years, the main aim of this review is to systematically present the most relevant designs used in neurological research. In the first part of the article, the physiological and structural–functional parameters of the human BBB are detailed. Subsequently, available BBB models are presented in a comparative approach, highlighting their advantages and limitations. Finally, the new perspectives related to the study of Alzheimer’s disease with the help of novel devices that mimic the in vivo human BBB milieu gives the paper significant originality.

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Section: The Structure and Function Of The Blood–brain Barrier In Phy...mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Modeling of the Blood–Brain Barrier for the Study of Physiological Conditions and Alzheimer’s Disease

et al. 2022

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“…Moreover, endothelial dysfunction is also related to the impairment of the BBB and a decrease in CBF, and both of these processes are involved in the development of CSVD. An increased permeability of the BBB causes local microhemorrhages and decreases distal blood flow, which leads to an aggravation of the regional ischemia in the brain [ 23 ].…”

Section: Cerebral Small Vessel Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Endothelial dysfunction is an important component in multiple disorders with neurovascular component, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), ischemic stroke (IS) and migraine [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. Thus, the subject of involvement of EPCs, or their dysfunction, in these diseases has been gaining increasing scientific attention in the recent years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Neurovascular Disorders—A Comprehensive Overview of the Current State of Knowledge

et al. 2022

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Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are a population of cells that circulate in the blood looking for areas of endothelial or vascular injury in order to repair them. Endothelial dysfunction is an important component of disorders with neurovascular involvement. Thus, the subject of involvement of EPCs in such conditions has been gaining increasing scientific interest in recent years. Overall, decreased levels of EPCs are associated with worse disease outcome. Moreover, their functionalities appear to decline with severity of disease. These findings inspired the application of EPCs as therapeutic targets and agents. So far, EPCs appear safe and promising based on the results of pre-clinical studies conducted on their use in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease and ischemic stroke. In the case of the latter, human clinical trials have recently started to be performed in this subject and provided optimistic results thus far. Whereas in the case of migraine, existing findings pave the way for testing EPCs in in vitro studies. This review aims to thoroughly summarize current knowledge on the role EPCs in four disorders with neurovascular involvement, which are Alzheimer’s disease, cerebral small vessel disease, ischemic stroke and migraine, with a particular focus on the potential practical use of these cells as a treatment remedy.

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“…It is the most common cause of vascular dementia, accounting for 25% of ischemic strokes and most hemorrhagic strokes (Agirman et al 2021 ). It is commonly associated with Alzheimer’s disease and exacerbates the resulting cognitive impairments, which are responsible for approximately 50% of dementias worldwide (Arba et al 2019 ; Bai et al 2022 ). In China, lacunar infarction caused by cerebral microvascular disease accounts for 25 to 50% of ischemic stroke, which is higher than that in Western countries (Bordes et al 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: A Bibliometric Analysis

Yang

Xie

et al. 2022

J Mol Neurosci

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Cerebral small vessel disease is a common neurological disease, and its incidence is increasing year by year worldwide. In recent years, research on cerebral small vessel disease has gained more and more attention. Our research aims to visualize publications to identify the hotspots and frontiers of cerebral small vessel disease research, and to provide reference and guidance for further research. Publications related to cerebral small vessel disease were searched from the Web of Science Core Collection and screened according to inclusion criteria. CiteSpace 5.8.R3 was used to evaluate and visualize results, including generating web maps and analyzing annual publications, countries, institutions, bibliographic and co-cited references, and keywords; in this article, we use CiteSpace and VOSviewer for the 2012 Cerebral small vessel disease and bibliometric analysis from January 1, 2022 to April 30, 2022. A total of 3037 papers related to cerebral small vessel disease were retrieved, and the number of published papers showed a steady upward trend. Among them, Neuroimaging standards for research into small vessel disease and its contribution to ageing and neurodegeneration, the most symbolic references in the field of cerebral small vessel disease have been cited a total of 438 times. Stroke is the most active journal (227 articles) and USA publishes up to 800 articles. Harvard Med SchUniv Edinburgh (133 papers) and Charidimou (85 papers) are the institutions and authors who have made the most contributions in this field, respectively. Among the keywords, most of them are related to the pathogenesis of cerebral small vessel disease. After 2018, gut-brain axis and cortex are the keywords with the strongest number of cited outbreaks. There is increasing evidence that cerebral small vessel disease is a research frontier and may remain a research hotspot in the future.

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Advances in the Role of Endothelial Cells in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease

Cited by 25 publications

References 150 publications

In Vitro Modeling of the Blood–Brain Barrier for the Study of Physiological Conditions and Alzheimer’s Disease

In Vitro Modeling of the Blood–Brain Barrier for the Study of Physiological Conditions and Alzheimer’s Disease

Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Neurovascular Disorders—A Comprehensive Overview of the Current State of Knowledge

Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: A Bibliometric Analysis

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