Advances in the Restoration of Buildings with LIDAR Technology and 3D Reconstruction: Forged and Vaults of the Refectory of Santo Domingo de Orihuela (16th Century)

Abstract

This research presents a new intervention methodology on arches and vaults of a Renaissance factory in the Colegio Santo Domingo de Orihuela (16th century) using 3D software LIDAR technology that verifies the execution process of the works studying the different charges states and structure behavior. This document aims to explain a working methodology in the monitoring of structural repair interventions in the architectural heritage, in the specific case of the replacement of traditional one-way timber joist frame slabs on structures of former, splay and groin arches between vaults. This involves the compilation and processing of two types of data: on the one hand, the analysis of the different load states to which the intervention is exposed in its different phases: initial, dismantling of the different layers of traditional construction and replacement by the new structural system; and, on the other hand, the graphic information provided by the photogrammetry techniques used to dimension and define the spatial position of the structural elements that have historically resolved the covering of the architectural space in this type of Renaissance solution. The different layers and demolished materials have been verified by analysing their constructive disposition, thicknesses, and dimensions of the elements that formed part of the initial construction system and their own weights. In addition, the new construction systems used in the restoration project generate a state of loads similar to the existing one. The LIDAR technology used in the research process provides graphic data of the spatial position of the arches and vaults studied in the different states of the construction intervention. The point clouds obtained are analysed by taking as reference fixed points (considered unalterable and infinitely rigid) of the refectory and the coordinates of the initial and final states are compared. The results show minimal variations between the two positions, which justifies the goodness of the construction methods used and the structural safety obtained in the complex. This methodology applied to arches and vaults in heritage architecture guarantees the control and recording of the movements produced in the process.

Application of 3D laser scanning technology in virtual reconstruction of existing building restoration

“…In formula (6),  represents the Laplace operator, and , , x y z represents the parameters in the Laplace filtering algorithm, respectively.…”

“…Select the Webb 3D Wiiboox handheld laser 3D scanner to extract point cloud data from existing building images. Using the method of reference [5] and the method of reference [6] as comparative methods, verify the performance of the proposed method.…”

“…The smaller the value, the higher the efficiency of virtual reconstruction of existing building restoration. By comparing the method of reference [5], the method of reference [6], and the proposed methods, the virtual reconstruction time of existing building restoration using different methods is shown in Table 1. According to Table 1, as the number of iterations increases, the virtual reconstruction time for existing building restoration using different methods also increases.…”

“…In fact, reality and virtuality should be seen as a continuum, as their exchange of information facilitates new interactive processes and critical thinking. Reference [6] proposed a method for building restoration and 3D reconstruction using LiDAR technology. The new building system used in the repair project generated a load state similar to the existing system.…”

Achieving Universal Accessibility through Remote Virtualization and Digitization of Complex Archaeological Features: A Graphic and Constructive Study of the Columbarios of Merida

“…Today, technological breakthroughs in photogrammetry and laser scanning have accelerated geometric data collection methods [48,49]. In addition, technological developments have also been described as influencing the processing tools for scanned data [50], as this step is becoming increasingly automated.…”