Advances in the drug therapies of acute myeloid leukemia (except acute promyelocytic leukemia)

Lin, Min; Chen, Baoan

doi:10.2147/dddt.s161199

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…The standard induction therapy is the combination of cytarabine and anthracycline (daunorubicin or idarubincin), which has been represented as “7+3 regimen” for more than 40 years. 15,16 This regimen is administered as a continuous infusion of cytarabine for 7 days and anthracycline for the following 3 days. Consolidation is then conducted for the next phase after achieving complete remission (CR), which is called postremission therapy.…”

Section: Current Treatments In Amlmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Targeting Approaches of Nanomedicines in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

et al. 2019

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Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological malignancy, which is commonly associated with high incidence and mortality among adult patients. The standard induction regimen for AML has been substantially unchanged over the past 40 years, for which novel nanomedicines have represented a promising strategy in AML therapies. Despite developments of multiple nanoparticles formulated with drugs or genes, less there is not much information available about approaches in AML is available. This review presents an overview of nanomedicines currently being evaluated in AML. First, it briefly summarized conventional chemotherapies in use. Second, nanomedicines presently ongoing in clinical trials or preclinical researches were classified and described, with illustrative examples from recent literatures. Finally, limitations and potential safety issues concerns in clinical translation of AML treatment were discussed as well.

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Section: Current Treatments In Amlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17 Fludarabine and etoposide are also used as an alternative regimen under poor heart functions. 16,18 Recently, several new cytotoxic drugs have been utilized in clinic. Azacitidine and decitabine are 2 new DNA methyltransferase inhibitors recommended in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines.…”

Section: Standard Chemotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting Approaches of Nanomedicines in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

et al. 2019

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“…2,3 Current treatmentsfor AML mainly consist of standard chemotherapy (a combination of cytarabine and daunorubicin [Drn] or idarubicin), targeted therapy using FLT3 inhibitors, including midostaurin, quizartinib, and cabozantinib, and immunotherapy, eg, gemtuzumab ozogamicin (anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody conjugated with calicheamicin). [3][4][5][6] Unfortunately, current treatments still have therapeutic obstacles, including lower compliance, because of serious toxicity and therapeutic efficacy due to drug resistance. Therefore, it is urgent to exploit new therapeutic strategies to improve treatment outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Binary Nanodrug-Delivery System Designed for Leukemia Therapy: Aptamer- and Transferrin-Codecorated Daunorubicin- and Luteolin-Coloaded Nanoparticles

Zhu¹,

Zhang²,

Chen³

2023

DDDT

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Objective This study aimed to develop a binary nanodrug-delivery system decorated with aptamers (APs) and transferrin (Tf) and loaded with daunorubicin (Drn) and luteolin (Lut) for the treatment of leukemia. Methods Oligonucleotide AP- and Tf-contaiing ligands were designed and synthesized separately. AP-decorated Drn-loaded nanoparticles (AP-Drn NPs) and Tf-Lut NPs were prepared by self-assembly. An AP- and Tf-codecorated Drn- and Lut-coloaded nanodrug-delivery system (AP/Tf-Drn/Lut NPs) was prepared by self-assembly of AP-Drn NPs and Tf-Lut NPs. In vitro and in vivo efficiency of the system was evaluated on leukemia cell line and cell-bearing mouse model in comparison with single ligand–decorated, single drug–loaded and free-drug formulations. Results AP/Tf-Drn/Lut NPs were spherical and nanosized (187.3±5.3 nm) and loaded with about 85% of drugs. In vitro cytotoxicity of AP/Tf-Drn/Lut NPs was remarkably higher than single ligand–decorated ones. Double drug–loaded AP/Tf-Drn/Lut NPs exhibited higher tumor-cell inhibition than single drug–loaded ones, which showed a synergic effect of the two drugs. AP/Tf-Drn/Lut NPs achieved the most efficient antileukemic activity and absence of toxicity in vivo. Conclusion The present study showed that AP/Tf-Drn/Lut NPs are a promising drug-delivery system for targeted treatment of leukemia, due to the synergic effect of the two drugs in this system. The limitations of this system include stability during large-scale production and application from bench to bedside.

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“…1 About 30% of AML patients harbor mutations in the FLT3 kinase, and for these patients, the prognosis is usually poorer than those without FLT3 mutation. 2 Many FLT3 inhibitors have been developed and trialed in the clinic and a few, including midostaurin, quizartinib, and gilteritinib, have been approved in the United States or Japan. These FLT3 inhibitors have moderately improved the survival of FLT3-harboring AML patients, although resistance to the approved FLT3 inhibitors has been observed in the clinic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%