Advances in the Characterization Methods of Biomass Pyrolysis Products

Abstract

Biomass is a renewable resource that currently accounts for 10% of the total global energy load. Thermochemical technologies, particularly pyrolysis, are widely used in biomass conversion due to their high reaction and conversion rates compared with biochemical transformation. Understanding the pyrolysis process and the properties of pyrolytic products is essential to obtain further valorized pyrolytic products, such as bio-oil-based chemicals and biochar-based carbonaceous materials. Thus, fully characterizing pyrolysis and its products is imperative. This review focuses on recent advances in pyrolysis-characterization methods, particularly on the online characterization of biomass pyrolytic intermediates and spectroscopic and microscopic imaging methods for biochar and bio-oil. We further discuss how these characterizations help elucidate the pyrolysis mechanism and extend the utilization of pyrolytic products. The drawbacks and improvement prospects of current methods are also discussed.

The pyrolysis of oak with polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene using fixed bed and stirred reactors and TGA instrument

“…In this paper, the integral method [28] is used to calculate the kinetic parameters at a constant heating rate. For this reason, it was assumed that the conversion rates are proportional to the concentration of the reactant material.…”

“…Thermo-gravimetric Analysis (TGA) can be widely used as a desirable method in assessing the thermal stability of various materials and their mixtures [26,27]. TGA instruments are widely used to study the degradation trend and mechanisms of natural and synthetic polymers and their blends under different conditions [28]. The trend and temperature range of polymer degradation depends on many parameters such as polymer type, heating rate, temperature, etc.…”

Production of Hydrocarbon Liquid Fuels from waste Personal Protective Equipment (PPEs) through Pyrolysis

“…But 6313.49 KJ/Kg 43.0 [3] Density(g/cm 3 ) 3.350 g/ml 0.807 [3] pH 6.39 -Retention time 30-120 min -Acid value 0.1945 mg KOH/g 0.50 mg KOH/g [3] ChemistrySelect if the fluid oil of this composition to be utilized for transport purpose, then it requires further processing. [34,35,36] A comparative investigation reported that the properties of pyrolysis oil are identical to diesel. Therefore, it can be utilized as substitute fuel for compression ignition motors.…”

The Effects of Chemical Oxidation and High-Temperature Reduction on Surface Functional Groups and the Adsorption Performance of Biochar for Sulfamethoxazole Adsorption

“…Thus, traditional and emerging adsorbents, e.g., biochar and carbon nanotubes, have been extensively investigated [7]. Among them, biochar has a good pore structure and abundant surface functional groups, presenting a good adsorption capacity for a variety of organic substances, such as antibiotics, pesticides and dyes [8]. Studies have shown that the removal mechanisms of carbon materials for SMX mainly include hydrophobic interactions, electrostatic interactions, π-π electron donor-acceptor (π-π EDA) interactions, hydrogen bonds (H-bond), etc., which are closely related to the special surface area and surface functional groups of carbon materials [9].…”