Advances in supramolecularly assembled nanostructures of fullerenes and porphyrins at surfaces

Abstract

The ʻbottom-upʼ strategy is an attractive and promising approach for the construction of nanoarchitectures. Supramolecular assemblies based on non-covalent interactions have been explored in an attempt to control surface properties. In this minireview, we focus on advances made in the past three years in the field of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) on supramolecular assembly and the function of porphyrins, phthalocyanines, and fullerenes, non-covalently bound on metal single crystal surfaces. Well-defined adlayers, consisting of porphyrin and phthalocyanine for the design of supramolecular nanoarchitectures, supramolecular traps of C 60 on hydrogen bond networks, a unique approach for controlling molecular orientation by a 1:1 supramolecularly assembled film consisting of C 60 and the related derivatives and metallooctaethylporphyrins, and nanoapplications of fullerenes, either induced by tip manipulation or driven by thermal fluctuations at surfaces, were clearly visualized by STM.

Supramolecular architectures of porphyrins on surfaces: The structural evolution from 1D to 2D to 3D to devices

“…18a). Two free-base porphyrins were synthesised, 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-octadecyloxyphenyl)porphyrin (H 2 (C 18 OPP), 38) and tetrakis(4-triacontyloxyphenyl)porphyrin (H 2 (C 30 OPP), 39), as well as their counterparts possessing a rhodium chloride metal centre coordinating a pyridine molecule, abbreviated as [Rh(C 18 OPP)(Cl)(Py)] (40) and [Rh(C 30 OPP)(Cl)(Py)] (41). Depositions of 38 and 39 onto HOPG (Fig.…”

“…excitation energies, quantum yields and electron transfer properties). Thus, ever since the first crystal structure of porphyrin was obtained [23], the knowledge of the chemical and physical properties of such macrocyclic structures has grown rapidly, fuelling the expansion of research activities focused on the development of new synthetic methodologies [24][25][26] and on the study of potential applications in optoelectronics [27][28][29][30][31][32][33], electrochemistry [34], catalysis [35], molecular recognition [21,36,37], sensors [38,39], data storage [7] and solar cells [19,22,40,41]. The self-assemblies of various porphyrins have been studied both in solution and in the solid state.…”

From Zeolite to Host-Guest Nanocomposite Materials

“…In particular, metal ion coordination utilising ligation of the metallated porphyrin nucleus has proven efficient for positioning photoactive components. Because fullerenes are known as one type of acceptor with strong π-electron accepting ability, fullerene-porphyrin supramolecular assemblies have been studied extensively to generate photocurrents as well as to elucidate their unique photophysical and photochemical properties [85][86][87][88][89]. Supramolecular complexes were elaborated using these porphyrin-peptide oligomers as host and fullerenes as guest molecules, in collaboration with Professor Fukuzumi from Osaka University in Japan (Fig.…”

Mechanism of Peripheral Substituent Effects on Adsorption–Aggregation Behaviors of Cationic Porphyrin Dyes on Tungsten(VI) Oxide Nanocolloid Particles

“…[1][2][3][4] Recently, supramolecular nanoaggregates in terms of porphyrin building blocks have been attracting great interest due to their potential application possibilities in various fields of general concern. [5][6][7][8] Especially, they play many critical roles in the biological systems, such as oxygen transport, enzymatic catalysis, and light-harvesting. Some of the functions of porphyrins are strongly related to their supramolecular organizations.…”