Abstract:The emergence of stem cell therapy and cellular engineering during the last 10 years has allowed new therapeutic strategies to be considered for the treatment of many wound repair disorders in bones, muscles and skin. The cutaneous radiation syndrome that is often associated with radiation burn may also take advantage of these scientific advances. This syndrome, characterized by inflammatory waves, incomplete wound healing and poor revascularization is the dramatic consequence of local irradiation exposure (ab… Show more
“…Multiple preclinical models have demonstrated the efficacy of MSC-based treatments for promoting the repair and regeneration of thermal burns and radiation exposure [18–23]. These studies have reported more expedient wound closure, decreased incidence of infection, increased vasculogenesis, increased elasticity and reduced scar formation [24–26] (Fig. 5).…”
Section: Tissue/organ Injuriesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Fig. 5Treatment of a burn patient with a tissue-engineered bilayer skin substitute [24–26] (Courtesy of the Tissue Engineering Centre National University of Malaysia Medical Centre). a Medical team examining the skin substitute; b Fixation of the skin substitute; c One month post-treatment; d Three months post-treatmentFig.…”
The dynamic nature of modern warfare, including threats and injuries faced by soldiers, necessitates the development of countermeasures that address a wide variety of injuries. Tissue engineering has emerged as a field with the potential to provide contemporary solutions. In this review, discussions focus on the applications of stem cells in tissue engineering to address health risks frequently faced by combatants at war. Human development depends intimately on stem cells, the mysterious precursor to every kind of cell in the body that, with proper instruction, can grow and differentiate into any new tissue or organ. Recent reports have suggested the greater therapeutic effects of the anti-inflammatory, trophic, paracrine and immune-modulatory functions associated with these cells, which induce them to restore normal healing and tissue regeneration by modulating immune reactions, regulating inflammation, and suppressing fibrosis. Therefore, the use of stem cells holds significant promise for the treatment of many battlefield injuries and their complications. These applications include the treatment of injuries to the skin, sensory organs, nervous system tissues, the musculoskeletal system, circulatory/pulmonary tissues and genitals/testicles and of acute radiation syndrome and the development of novel biosensors. The new research developments in these areas suggest that solutions are being developed to reduce critical consequences of wounds and exposures suffered in warfare. Current military applications of stem cell-based therapies are already saving the lives of soldiers who would have died in previous conflicts. Injuries that would have resulted in deaths previously now result in wounds today; similarly, today's permanent wounds may be reduced to tomorrow's bad memories with further advances in stem cell-based therapies.
“…Multiple preclinical models have demonstrated the efficacy of MSC-based treatments for promoting the repair and regeneration of thermal burns and radiation exposure [18–23]. These studies have reported more expedient wound closure, decreased incidence of infection, increased vasculogenesis, increased elasticity and reduced scar formation [24–26] (Fig. 5).…”
Section: Tissue/organ Injuriesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Fig. 5Treatment of a burn patient with a tissue-engineered bilayer skin substitute [24–26] (Courtesy of the Tissue Engineering Centre National University of Malaysia Medical Centre). a Medical team examining the skin substitute; b Fixation of the skin substitute; c One month post-treatment; d Three months post-treatmentFig.…”
The dynamic nature of modern warfare, including threats and injuries faced by soldiers, necessitates the development of countermeasures that address a wide variety of injuries. Tissue engineering has emerged as a field with the potential to provide contemporary solutions. In this review, discussions focus on the applications of stem cells in tissue engineering to address health risks frequently faced by combatants at war. Human development depends intimately on stem cells, the mysterious precursor to every kind of cell in the body that, with proper instruction, can grow and differentiate into any new tissue or organ. Recent reports have suggested the greater therapeutic effects of the anti-inflammatory, trophic, paracrine and immune-modulatory functions associated with these cells, which induce them to restore normal healing and tissue regeneration by modulating immune reactions, regulating inflammation, and suppressing fibrosis. Therefore, the use of stem cells holds significant promise for the treatment of many battlefield injuries and their complications. These applications include the treatment of injuries to the skin, sensory organs, nervous system tissues, the musculoskeletal system, circulatory/pulmonary tissues and genitals/testicles and of acute radiation syndrome and the development of novel biosensors. The new research developments in these areas suggest that solutions are being developed to reduce critical consequences of wounds and exposures suffered in warfare. Current military applications of stem cell-based therapies are already saving the lives of soldiers who would have died in previous conflicts. Injuries that would have resulted in deaths previously now result in wounds today; similarly, today's permanent wounds may be reduced to tomorrow's bad memories with further advances in stem cell-based therapies.
“…Skin is the largest organ in the body covering the whole external surface of it and forming about 8% of the total body bulk (1). Skin loss can occur for many reasons; one of the most common reasons is thermal trauma.…”
Background: Burn injuries constitute a major health problem which cause more severe physiological stress than other traumas. Aloe vera has been used in traditional medicine for a long time for burn treatment.Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have delivered new approaches to the management of deep burns. The present study assessed the effect of aloe vera versus MSCs on experimentally induced deep second-degree burn.Methods: Sixty adult female albino rats randomized into 6 groups: group I served as negative control, group II received topical aloe vera only, group III were injected intradermally with MSCs, group IV subjected to burn injury, group V received topical aloe vera post burn and group VI were injected intradermally with MSCs post burn. Healing of burn injury was evaluated grossly. Skin specimens were obtained after 14 & 21days post-burn induction and prepared for histological techniques (H&E and Masson's trichrome stain).Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of Sry gene for group VI was done.Results: After 14 days, groups V&VI showed fully regenerated epidermis with a significant increase in the epidermal thickness and a significant decrease in the optical density of collagen fibers compared to control groups. After 21 days, group V showed less epidermal thickness compared to that of day 14 and nearly normal collagen fibers arrangement. However, group VI showed a significant increase in the epidermal thickness compared to groups V&I and an interwoven collagen fibers arrangement with a significant decrease in the optical density of collagen fibers in comparison to control groups. PCR results of the tested samples revealed that 100% of the recipient rats contain Sry positive gene.Conclusions: Topical aloe vera promoted burn wound healing faster and better than intradermal injection of MSCs.
“…These factors possess the ability to trigger a cascade of biological reactions such as cell proliferation and migration, tissue granulation and epithelialization and angiogenesis [8]. As a result, research in this area has been intensified so as to carefully examine the proteomic profile and functional potency of MSC derived CM in order to explore the possibility of its potential use to develop anti-aging therapy [9] [10].…”
Background/Purpose: Multipotent bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMMSC) have been shown to possess the potential for tissue regeneration. The application of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC)-derived growth factors and cytokines (GF/CKs) has been implicated for the repair and regeneration of the damaged skin that occurs due to aging and exposure to environmental stress factors. Methods: We have used both qualitative and quantitative measurements of the GF/CKs from the conditioned medium (CM) of a pooled population of BMMSC by antibody array analysis as well as by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Furthermore, the CM was also used in a variety of in vitro biological assays to measure its protective properties in human skin fibroblasts. Results: We have characterized the secretome of BMMSC by analyzing the composition of the CM using a forty-one growth factor array system. Thirteen of these GF/CK/extra cellular matrix (ECM)/ matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-inhibitors in the CM were quantified owing to their involvement in skin repair cascade. In addition, we report that the BMMSC-CM was also able to protect dermal fibroblasts against tert-Butyl hydro peroxide (tbOH) induced oxidative stress and ultra violet B (UV-B) radiation induced cell damage. Conclusion: Based on the data presented here, we propose that BMMSC-derived CM may have the potential to promote health and rejuvenation of the aging skin.
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