Advances in saponin-based adjuvants

Sun, Hongxiang; Xie, Yong; Ye, Yiping

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.01.091

Cited by 380 publications

(273 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“…These adjuvants have been evaluated in numerous preclinical and clinical trials [239]. They have been proven to be very effective in enhancing the immunogenicity of various vaccines, including Aβ(1-15) in mice [240]; foot-and -mouth disease virus (FMDV) antigen in mice [241]; L1 and A33 proteins in mice [242]; vaccinia virus proteins in monkeys [242]; parasitic antigens in sheeps [243]; keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) conjugate antigens [238,244,245].…”

Section: Saponins and Qs21mentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of Adjuvants for Enhanced Vaccine Potency

Wang¹,

Singh²

2011

WJV

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Section: Saponins and Qs21mentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of Adjuvants for Enhanced Vaccine Potency

Wang¹,

Singh²

2011

WJV

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“…2 Saponins also have a broad range of pharmaceutical properties, such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, or adjuvant activities. 3,4 Besides saponins, isoflavonoids, alkaloids, and nonprotein amino acids commonly occur as natural products in several legume species. 1,5 As a model species for legume biology, barrel medic (Medicago truncatula), a close relative of alfalfa, is an excellent system to study secondary metabolism of legumes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolite Profiling of Triterpene Saponins in Medicago truncatula Hairy Roots by Liquid Chromatography Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry

et al. 2011

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L egumes (Fabaceae) are important agricultural crops, characterized by the presence of root nodules that contain symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Fixation of atmospheric nitrogen allows reduced fertilizer costs and makes legumes a key player in crop rotation to replenish nitrogen-depleted soil. Furthermore, legumes serve as a major source of proteins and oil for human and animal nutrition. Leguminous crops with a significant economical value include oilseed crops such as soybean (Glycine max) and peanut (Arachis hypogaea), forage and soil-conditioning crops such as alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and clover (Trifolium spp.), and pulses such as beans (Phaseolus spp.), peas (Pisum spp.), and lentils (Lens spp.).The more than 19 400 leguminous species, distributed over 730 genera, produce a vast array of metabolites with diverse structures and biological activities. An important group of legume natural products are triterpene saponins, a class of secondary metabolites that display a wide range of biological activities.1 In plants they serve as allelopathic, antipalatability, anti-insect, or antifungal agents.2 Saponins also have a broad range of pharmaceutical properties, such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, or adjuvant activities.3,4 Besides saponins, isoflavonoids, alkaloids, and nonprotein amino acids commonly occur as natural products in several legume species. 1,5 As a model species for legume biology, barrel medic (Medicago truncatula), a close relative of alfalfa, is an excellent system to study secondary metabolism of legumes. 1,6 Consequently, several studies about the metabolite composition of M. truncatula have been published over the past decade. Metabolite profiling using LC-MS-based methods revealed the presence of a complex mixture of triterpene saponins in various M. truncatula tissues. 2,7À9 In accordance with other legumes from the Papilionoideae subfamily, M. truncatula is rich in isoflavonoids. 10,11 Hairy roots are generated by an infection of healthy plant tissue, not necessarily roots, with Agrobacterium rhizogenes. They are characterized by fast growth rates and do not require growth regulators for their cultivation. Furthermore, they have a high genetic stability and a high biosynthetic potential for a longer time than natural roots.12,13 Their potential to produce compounds that are also naturally occurring in wild-type roots in combination with their tolerance to cultivation in large-scale bioreactors makes hairy roots an appealing alternative for the destructive harvesting of wild-type roots, especially those of endangered plant species, to obtain valuable phytochemicals. 14,15 Hairy roots are also a valuable tool to investigate the secondary metabolism in M. truncatula. A prerequisite for the study of secondary metabolism and its application in metabolic engineering projects is the possibility to generate transgenic plant tissue. ABSTRACT: Triterpenes are one of the largest classes of plant natural products, with an enormous variety in structure and bioactivities. Here,...

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“…There are several studies reporting the adjuvant potential of crude plant extracts [3,10] and their derivatives such as polysaccharides, saponins etc [21][22][23], stimulating both humoral and cell mediated arms of immunity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extract of Seabuckthorn Leaves Enhances Rabies Virus Neutralizing Antibody Titers and CTL Response in Swiss Albino Mice

Jayashankar¹,

Singh²,

Mishra³

et al. 2016

J Vaccines Immunol

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Introduction: Rabies is a viral disease that causes nearly thousands of death globally per year. Vaccination against rabies generates virus neutralizing antibodies and is the most successful and cost effective method of preventing the disease. In the present study, we have evaluated the adjuvant property of supercritical carbon dioxide extract (SCE) 300ET of Seabuckthorn (SBT) leaves against inactivated rabies virus antigen in Swiss albino mice. Methods:Mice were grouped as PBS control; inactivated rabies antigen (Rb) control; 300ET+Rb and Algel+Rb. All the mice were primed on day 1 followed by single booster at day 14. Sera were collected at different time points for RVNA analysis. Additionally, the effect of SCE on CD8 + Granzyme B + Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte (CTL) response, surface markers and cytokine levels were measured. Result:The results showed enhanced rabies virus neutralizing antibody (RVNA) titres using 300ET as compared to control and Algel groups as measured by Rapid Fluorescent Focus Inhibition Test (RFFIT). Moreover, the extract 300ET and Algel showed increased CD138 + (plasma cells) and CD11c + (dendritic cells) cell population as compared to the inactivated rabies antigen immunized mice. The extract 300ET also stimulated cellular immunity by showing heightened CTL response and proinflammatory cytokines level such as TNF-α and IL-1β. Conclusion:Hence, our results suggested that SCE300ET exhibits adjuvant activity by effectively enhancing antibody as well as cell mediated immunity in response to inactivated rabies antigen. Thus, SCE could be considered as a potential adjuvant candidate for rabies vaccines.

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Advances in saponin-based adjuvants

Cited by 380 publications

References 152 publications

Selection of Adjuvants for Enhanced Vaccine Potency

Selection of Adjuvants for Enhanced Vaccine Potency

Metabolite Profiling of Triterpene Saponins in Medicago truncatula Hairy Roots by Liquid Chromatography Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extract of Seabuckthorn Leaves Enhances Rabies Virus Neutralizing Antibody Titers and CTL Response in Swiss Albino Mice

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