Advances in research on Zika virus

Ali, Amjad; Wahid, Braira; Rafique, Shazia; Idrees, Muhammad

doi:10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.03.020

Cited by 32 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 94 publications

(107 reference statements)

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“…Studies have suggested that the Zika virus acts through neurotropism, so that it affects the cortical progenitor cells of the central nervous system when it crosses the placental barrier, thereby inducing structural and functional lesions and cell death. This virus may also trigger an inflammatory cascade, with a release of cytokines as a response to viral damage, thus leading to aberrant embryogenesis (Ali, Wahid, Rafique, & Idrees, ; Eickmann et al, ; Schuler‐Faccini et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orthopedic findings in arthrogryposis and congenital Zika syndrome: A case series

Serpa¹,

Melo

Lins³

et al. 2019

Birth Defects Research

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Background Congenital arthrogryposis (CA) consists of congenital joint contractures that affect at least two joints in different parts of the body. Approximately, 80% of CA cases are neurogenic, with changes to the formation, structure or functioning of the central and/or peripheral nervous systems. Most abnormalities are triggered either by motoneurons decreased activation in the corticospinal tract or by direct motoneurons injury. There had been few reports in the literature correlating congenital infection in humans with arthrogryposis until 2015. CA has recently been described associated with congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). Methods The objective of this study was to investigate and describe accurately the arthrogrypotic alterations in infants diagnosed with CZS and thus, suggest a possible pattern of orthopedic impairment. A total of 198 medical records of infants with CZS were evaluated. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 infants were included in the present study. Arthrogrypotic joints were orthopedically evaluated in four segments: right, left, upper, and lower limbs. All the four segments were assessed independently. Results Flexed wrists were the most frequently observed manifestation, associated with ulnar deviation (35.29%). Deformities were also commonly found in the third and fourth fingers (64.70%). Hip dislocation was found in 58.82% of the patients and talipes equinovarus and equinovalgus ankles were found in 29.41 and 23.52%. Conclusion There was a particular pattern of joint impairment related to CZS and arthogrypotic alterations of infants evaluated in this study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orthopedic findings in arthrogryposis and congenital Zika syndrome: A case series

Serpa¹,

Melo

Lins³

et al. 2019

Birth Defects Research

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“…Posteriormente, em 1954, foi reportada a infecção em humanos na Nigéria e, ao longo das décadas de 1950 e 1960, estudos sorológicos sugeriram tratar-se de uma endemia desse flavivírus em toda a África e em vários países do continente asiático (BRITT, 2018;WIKAN et al, 2016). Em 2007, foi relatado o primeiro surto de infecção pelo vírus Zika na ilha de Yap, nos Estados Federados da Micronésia, seguido por vários surtos em ilhas do Pacífico (ALI et al, 2017;FARIA et al, 2016). Nessas ilhas, 73% da população apresentava sintomas da infecção por Zika, sendo 49 casos efetivamente confirmados (ALI et al, 2017).…”

Section: Histórico Distribuição Geográfica E Epidemiologia Do Zikvunclassified

“…Em 2007, foi relatado o primeiro surto de infecção pelo vírus Zika na ilha de Yap, nos Estados Federados da Micronésia, seguido por vários surtos em ilhas do Pacífico (ALI et al, 2017;FARIA et al, 2016). Nessas ilhas, 73% da população apresentava sintomas da infecção por Zika, sendo 49 casos efetivamente confirmados (ALI et al, 2017).…”

Section: Histórico Distribuição Geográfica E Epidemiologia Do Zikvunclassified

“…A importância da epidemia no Brasil está demonstrada no Boletim epidemiológico de Infecções de Zika, divulgado pelo Ministério da Saúde, que estimou entre 497.000 e 1.482.701 casos, somente em 2015 (BRASIL, 2015;BRITO et al, 2016). Estudos moleculares sugeriam que o vírus Zika entrou no Brasil, através do Pacífico, pela similaridade entre as cepas isoladas aqui com as da Polinésia Francesa (ALI et al, 2017). Entretanto, um estudo recente indica que, apesar da confirmação da origem do vírus ser a Polinésia Francesa, sua entrada no Brasil ocorreu de forma indireta (ARGENTA, 2018).…”

Section: Histórico Distribuição Geográfica E Epidemiologia Do Zikvunclassified

“…Desde 2015, a transmissão do ZIKV pelo mosquito foi reportada em 48 países (SHIRLEY et al, 2017). A infecção, causada pelo ZIKV, ganhou muita atenção, devido à associação confirmada com a microcefalia congênita ou adquirida (quando adquirida nos primeiros anos de vida), uma doença neurológica que é caracterizada por diminuição da circunferência da cabeça em crianças recém-nascidas, com diminuição do tamanho do cérebro e problemas de desenvolvimento, podendo levar à morte em casos mais drásticos (ALI et al, 2017). Em uma série de casos sintomáticos em mulheres grávidas infectadas por esse vírus no Brasil, 42% dos fetos apresentaram algum tipo de anormalidade anatômica, durante o exame de ultrassom pré-natal (MINER; DIAMOND, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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O impacto do vírus Zika no Brasil e no mundo

Tureta

Rosa

Berger

et al. 2019

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Resumo O vírus Zika, transmitido por mosquitos do gênero Aedes, foi responsável recentemente por um grande surto de infecções e condições patológicas a ele associadas. Muitos casos de microcefalia e outras complicações neurológicas foram relacionados ao vírus, tornando-o alvo de diversas pesquisas no Brasil e no mundo. As investigações científicas, relacionadas ao Zika, em muito pouco tempo, já foram capazes de melhorar o diagnóstico, promover avanços no desenvolvimento de vacinas e outras maneiras de prevenção, bem como maior entendimento sobre as patologias associadas. Neste trabalho, todos esses aspectos foram revisados e discutidos, apresentando um panorama geral sobre o Zika e seu impacto global, especialmente no Brasil. Palavras-chave: Infecção. Zika. Microcefalia. Abstract The Zika virus, transmitted by mosquitoes of the genus Aedes, was recently responsible for a major outbreak of infections and pathological associated conditions. Several cases of microcephaly and other neurological impairments were related with the virus, making Zika a target of multiple research projects in Brazil and worldwide. Scientific investigations, related to Zika, have, in a short time, already been able to improve the diagnosis, promote advances in vaccine development and other ways of prevention, as well as a better understanding of the associated pathologies. In this article, these mentioned topics were reviewed and discussed presenting an overview towards Zika and its global impact, especially in Brazil. Keywords: Infection. Zika. Microcephaly.

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Zika Virus

Harper¹,

Litaker²,

Logan³

2018

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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Zika virus is closely related to the viruses causing yellow fever, West Nile or Dengue fever and, similar to them, is an arbovirus, actively transmitted by mosquito vectors. Sexual transmission between humans also occurs. Zika virus was not associated with serious human disease until after its arrival in the Americas. Since 2015 it has been associated with a range of pathologies. The most significant is congenital Zika syndrome, marked by foetal microcephaly. The number of Zika infections has fallen since 2016. Confirmed infections in the Americas total over 200 000 cases, with more than 50% of these in Brazil. Deaths are rare, and congenital effects have been the major concern, particularly in Brazil, where more than 80% of such cases have occurred. The reasons for this high rate are unclear, although poverty is often cited as a likely contributor. Eighty‐four countries or territories worldwide have had evidence of mosquito‐borne Zika virus transmission. Relatively small numbers of infections have been reported in the United States, with transmission restricted to the far south of Texas and Florida. There is no vaccine or antiviral drug effective against Zika. The best preventive measures as of 2017 involve controlling or avoiding the vector mosquitoes. Key Concepts Zika virus is a Flavivirus with an RNA genome, related to other viruses such as yellow fever, West Nile and Dengue fever. The virus was identified in Africa in 1947 and exists as two broad lineages, African and Asian. The virus is an arbovirus (arthropod‐borne virus), spread by bites from vector mosquitoes of the genus Aedes , although direct person to person transmission also occurs. Historically, most people infected with Zika did not develop symptoms, and even when they did these were relatively mild. Until 2007, Zika virus infection was restricted to an equatorial belt in Africa and Asia, but in 2015, the Asian form of Zika was identified in Brazil, the first time it was seen in the Americas. By the end of 2016, more than 100 000 confirmed cases had occurred in Brazil. Later in 2015, Zika infection was associated with severe forms of microcephaly in newborns, predominantly in the northeast of Brazil. Zika infection has also been associated with the autoimmune‐mediated Guillain–Barré syndrome. In 2017, numbers of infections in the Americas have dropped sharply, but the virus continues to spread, with mosquito‐borne infections seen in 84 countries and territories around the world. There is no vaccine or therapeutic drug for Zika virus, although clinical trials are proceeding. The best strategy at present is to control mosquitoes and avoid mosquito bites. Future control approaches need to be informed by effective public health surveillance to support both analysis and response.

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Advances in research on Zika virus

Cited by 32 publications

References 94 publications

Orthopedic findings in arthrogryposis and congenital Zika syndrome: A case series

Orthopedic findings in arthrogryposis and congenital Zika syndrome: A case series

O impacto do vírus Zika no Brasil e no mundo

Zika Virus

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